Gut Microbiome Prolongs an Inhibitory Effect of Korean Red Ginseng on High-Fat-Diet-Induced Mouse Obesity

Although the anti-obesity effect of Korean red ginseng ( Meyer) has been revealed, its underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood. Here, we demonstrate an involvement of gut microbiome in the inhibitory effect of Korean red ginseng on high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced mouse obesity, and further prov...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2021-03, Vol.13 (3), p.926
Main Authors: Lee, Seo Yeon, Yuk, Hyun Gyun, Ko, Seong Gyu, Cho, Sung-Gook, Moon, Gi-Seong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Body weight
Body weight gain
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Digestive system
Discriminant analysis
Feces
Ginseng
Glucose
Glucose tolerance
gut microbiome
High fat diet
Immunofluorescence
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Intestinal microflora
Intolerance
Korean red ginseng
Leptin
Metabolism
Metagenomics
Microbiomes
Microbiota
Obesity
Panax ginseng
Pancreas
rRNA 16S
Sample size
saponin
Saponins
Variance analysis
Weight reduction
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Summary:Although the anti-obesity effect of Korean red ginseng ( Meyer) has been revealed, its underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood. Here, we demonstrate an involvement of gut microbiome in the inhibitory effect of Korean red ginseng on high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced mouse obesity, and further provides information on the effects of saponin-containing red ginseng extract (SGE) and saponin-depleted red ginseng extract (GE). Mice were fed with either SGE or GE every third day for one month, and their food intakes, fat weights, plasma glucose, and insulin and leptin levels were measured. Immunofluorescence assays were conducted to measure pancreatic islet size. Stools from the mice were subjected to metagenomic analysis. Both SGE and GE attenuated HFD-induced gain of body weight, reducing HFD-induced increase of food intakes and fat weights. They also reduced HFD-increased plasma glucose, insulin, and leptin levels, decreased both fasting and postprandial glucose concentrations, and improved both insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. Immunofluorescence assays revealed that they blocked HFD-induced increase of pancreatic islet size. Our pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene V3 region from stools revealed that both SGE and GE modulated HFD-altered composition of gut microbiota. Therefore, we conclude that Korean red ginseng inhibits HFD-induced obesity and diabetes by altering gut microbiome.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu13030926