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PHENOLICS IN TWO Alternanthera SPECIES RESIDUES AFFECT THE GERMINATION AND EARLY SEEDLING GROWTH OF RICE (Oryza sativa)

ABSTRACT Alternanthera species are invasive aquatic/semi-aquatic weeds posing a serious threat to agro-biodiversity in several countries in the world. The present study was conducted to assess the phytotoxic effects of Alternanthera philoxeroides and A. sessilis residues on emergence and early seedl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advances in Weed Science 2017-01, Vol.35
Main Authors: MEHMOOD, A., TANVEER, A., NADEEM, M.A., MAQBOOL, R., ALI, H.H.
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:ABSTRACT Alternanthera species are invasive aquatic/semi-aquatic weeds posing a serious threat to agro-biodiversity in several countries in the world. The present study was conducted to assess the phytotoxic effects of Alternanthera philoxeroides and A. sessilis residues on emergence and early seedling growth traits of rice (Oryza sativa). Soil was prepared with 4% (w/w) Alternanthera species residues separately and allowed to decay for 0, 15 and 30 days. Rice emergence was significantly decreased but increase in mean emergence time and time to 50% emergence was observed in soils modified with Alternanthera species residues compared with seed sown in unmodified soils. Rice emergence was reduced to 50-67% and 52-75% by A. sessilis and A. philoxeroides, respectively. A significant reduction in rice root, shoot length, and biomass was also noted with Alternanthera-infested soil. Total phenolics increased with increasing residue decay time in both species thereby showing their direct interaction with emergence and seedling traits of rice. The phenolic compounds identified were namely Quercitin, Chlorogenic acid, P-Coumeric acid, Trans-4-hydroxy3-methoxy, Cinamic acid, Caffeic acid, Syringic acid, Sinapic acid, Vanillic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzoic acid. RESUMO As espécies do gênero Alternanthera são plantas daninhas aquáticas/semiaquáticas invasoras que representam uma ameaça grave para a agrobiodiversidade em diversos países do mundo. O presente estudo foi realizado para avaliar os efeitos fitotóxicos dos resíduos de Alternanthera philoxeroides e A. sessilis nas características de emergência e crescimento inicial de plântulas de arroz (Oryza sativa). O solo foi preparado com resíduos de espécies de Alternanthera – 4% (w/w) – separadamente, que foram submetidas a um período de decomposição de 0, 15 e 30 dias. Houve redução significativa da emergência do arroz, porém foi observado aumento no tempo médio de emergência e no tempo para emergência de 50% em solos modificados com resíduos de espécies de Alternanthera, em comparação com sementes semeadas em solos não modificados. A emergência do arroz com A. sessilis e A. philoxeroides foi reduzida para 50-67% e 52-75%, respectivamente. Uma redução significativa do comprimento da raiz do arroz, da parte aérea e da biomassa também foi observada no solo infestado com as espécies de Alternanthera. Também ocorreu aumento dos fenólicos totais à medida que aumentou o tempo de decomposição dos resíduos em ambas as espé
ISSN:0100-8358
1806-9681
1806-9681
2675-9462
DOI:10.1590/s0100-83582017350100061