Dietary Interventions for Cancer Prevention: An Update to ACS International Guidelines

Cancer, the second leading cause of death worldwide, demands the identification of modifiable risk factors to optimize its prevention. Diet has emerged as a pivotal focus in current research efforts. This literature review aims to enhance the ACS guidelines on diet and cancer by integrating the late...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2024-08, Vol.16 (17), p.2897
Main Authors: Torres, Álvaro, Quintanilla, Francisca, Barnafi, Esteban, Sánchez, César, Acevedo, Francisco, Walbaum, Benjamín, Merino, Tomás
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Breast cancer
cancer
Chronic illnesses
Coffee
Cohort analysis
Colorectal cancer
Diet
Diet, Healthy
Diet, Mediterranean
Disease prevention
Exercise
Fruits
Gastric cancer
Humans
Lung cancer
Medical prognosis
Mediterranean diet
Micronutrients - administration & dosage
Neoplasms - prevention & control
nutrition
Nutrition research
prevention
Prostate cancer
risk
Risk Factors
Tea
Vegetarianism
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Summary:Cancer, the second leading cause of death worldwide, demands the identification of modifiable risk factors to optimize its prevention. Diet has emerged as a pivotal focus in current research efforts. This literature review aims to enhance the ACS guidelines on diet and cancer by integrating the latest findings and addressing unresolved questions. The methodology involved an advanced PubMed search with specific filters relevant to the research topic. Topics covered include time-restricted diet, diet quality, acid load, counseling, exercise and diet combination, Mediterranean diet, vegetarian and pescetarian diets, weight loss, dairy consumption, coffee and tea, iron, carbohydrates, meat, fruits and vegetables, heavy metals, micronutrients, and phytoestrogens. The review highlights the benefits of the Mediterranean diet in reducing cancer risk. Adherence to overnight fasting or carbohydrate consumption may contribute to cancer prevention, but excessive fasting may harm patients' quality of life. A vegetarian/pescetarian diet is associated with lower risks of general and colorectal cancer compared to a carnivorous diet. High heme and total iron intake are linked to increased lung cancer risk, while phytoestrogen intake is associated with reduced risk. Coffee and tea have a neutral impact on cancer risk. Finally, the roles of several preventive micronutrients and carcinogenic heavy metals are discussed.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu16172897