Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Ethanol in a Human Study: New Modification of Mathematic Model

In the pharmacokinetic analysis of ethanol after oral administration, only single- or two-compartment models are used, but their precision in estimating pharmacokinetic parameters might be insufficient. In a recent study, pharmacokinetic analysis using a modified Norberg three-compartment model was...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxics (Basel) 2023-09, Vol.11 (9), p.793
Main Authors: Zekan, Paulo, Ljubičić, Neven, Blagaić, Vladimir, Dolanc, Ivan, Jonjić, Antonija, Čoklo, Miran, Blagaić, Alenka Boban
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alcohol
Alcohol, Denatured
Analysis
Blood levels
Enzymes
Ethanol
expert witnessing
Gastrointestinal system
Glycosides
human
Liver
mathematic model
Mathematical models
Metabolism
Methods
Oral administration
Parameter modification
pharmacokinetic analysis
Pharmacokinetics
Physiology
Statistical analysis
Steviol
Sucrose
Widmark equation
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Summary:In the pharmacokinetic analysis of ethanol after oral administration, only single- or two-compartment models are used, but their precision in estimating pharmacokinetic parameters might be insufficient. In a recent study, pharmacokinetic analysis using a modified Norberg three-compartment model was performed after oral administration of differently sweetened alcoholic solutions and compared to pharmacokinetic analysis using the classic Widmark model. On three occasions, eight male volunteers consumed differently sweetened alcoholic solutions: non-sweetened, sweetened with sucrose, and sweetened with steviol glycoside. Blood ethanol concentration was determined from samples obtained at t = 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 min after consumption. Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed model independently, using the classic Widmarks model and using the modified Norberg model. Results showed that estimated pharmacokinetic parameters depend on the type of model used. The classic Widmark model in particular overestimated the fraction of absorbed ethanol from the gastrointestinal system to systemic circulation. Furthermore, the type of sweetener also affected pharmacokinetic parameters, although the difference was not statistically significant. In conclusion, the novel pharmacokinetic model, while being more physiological, fits experimental data better and hence is more suitable for modelling real-life alcohol consumption. In addition, the effect of natural non-caloric sweetener steviol glycoside on ethanol pharmacokinetics, analysed for the first time in the current research, might be different when compared to the common-used sweetener sucrose.
ISSN:2305-6304
2305-6304
DOI:10.3390/toxics11090793