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Diagnostic Value of Serum Sodium Level and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting Severity of Acute Appendicitis: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Two-Center Study
: The best way to distinguish complicated acute appendicitis (CAA) from uncomplicated acute appendicitis (UCAA) is still under debate. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential use of the serum sodium (Na ) level and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) to distinguish CAA from UCAA...
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Published in: | Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Lithuania), 2024-11, Vol.60 (11), p.1844 |
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description | : The best way to distinguish complicated acute appendicitis (CAA) from uncomplicated acute appendicitis (UCAA) is still under debate. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential use of the serum sodium (Na
) level and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) to distinguish CAA from UCAA and to evaluate whether CAA is more reliably diagnosed using these two variables together.
: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, two-center study of patients diagnosed with AA between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2023. The demographic and analytical variables were analyzed. The NLR was defined as the quotient between the absolute values of neutrophils and lymphocytes. Hyponatremia was defined as a serum Na
level of ≤135 mmol/L. The sensitivity and specificity of the NLR and the serum Na
level in the diagnosis of CAA were determined by assessing the receiver operating characteristic curves.
: Among the patients who underwent an appendectomy, 3066 histologically confirmed AA cases were identified and included in this study. The registered data revealed that 348 (11.3%) patients had CAA, and the remaining 2718 (88.7%) patients had UCAA. The mean ages were 49.47 ± 18.97 and 38.16 ± 14.50, respectively (
< 0.001). The analysis revealed an exponential correlation between the NLR and the serum Na
level with a moderate degree of agreement with CAA (Cohen's Kappa: 0.461,
< 0.001). For CAA, using the NLR and the serum Na
level, the areas under the curve and the cutoffs were 0.664, 4.2 with a confidence interval (CI) of 0.647-0.681 and 0.727, 135 mmol/L with a CI of 0.711-0.742, respectively; all these values were significant with a
-value of |
doi_str_mv | 10.3390/medicina60111844 |
format | article |
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) level and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) to distinguish CAA from UCAA and to evaluate whether CAA is more reliably diagnosed using these two variables together.
: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, two-center study of patients diagnosed with AA between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2023. The demographic and analytical variables were analyzed. The NLR was defined as the quotient between the absolute values of neutrophils and lymphocytes. Hyponatremia was defined as a serum Na
level of ≤135 mmol/L. The sensitivity and specificity of the NLR and the serum Na
level in the diagnosis of CAA were determined by assessing the receiver operating characteristic curves.
: Among the patients who underwent an appendectomy, 3066 histologically confirmed AA cases were identified and included in this study. The registered data revealed that 348 (11.3%) patients had CAA, and the remaining 2718 (88.7%) patients had UCAA. The mean ages were 49.47 ± 18.97 and 38.16 ± 14.50, respectively (
< 0.001). The analysis revealed an exponential correlation between the NLR and the serum Na
level with a moderate degree of agreement with CAA (Cohen's Kappa: 0.461,
< 0.001). For CAA, using the NLR and the serum Na
level, the areas under the curve and the cutoffs were 0.664, 4.2 with a confidence interval (CI) of 0.647-0.681 and 0.727, 135 mmol/L with a CI of 0.711-0.742, respectively; all these values were significant with a
-value of <0.001.
: Although the serum Na
level is a more effective marker than the NLR, using these two variables together can help detect high-risk patients who may benefit from early management by limiting delays in surgery.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1648-9144</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1010-660X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1648-9144</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/medicina60111844</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39597029</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Abscesses ; Acute Disease ; Adult ; Aged ; Appendectomy ; Appendicitis ; Appendicitis - blood ; Appendicitis - diagnosis ; Appendicitis - surgery ; biomarkers ; Blood ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; disease severity ; Emergency medical care ; Female ; Health aspects ; Health facilities ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Hyponatremia ; Immunosuppressive agents ; Information systems ; Kidney diseases ; Laparoscopy ; Leukocytes ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Medical research ; Medicine, Experimental ; Middle Aged ; Neutrophils ; Normal distribution ; Patients ; Predictive Value of Tests ; predictivity ; Retrospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Severity of Illness Index ; Sodium ; Sodium - blood ; Surgery ; Variables</subject><ispartof>Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 2024-11, Vol.60 (11), p.1844</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. Published by MDPI on behalf of the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-55fe273d04d05b34b8594dea07c823d41a3e04e56572043ac30f9ee65a1570a33</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3672-5738 ; 0000-0001-6307-5390</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3133230770/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3133230770?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,53791,53793,75126</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39597029$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Senol, Serdar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kusak, Mustafa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Özdemir, Dursun Burak</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sendil, Ahmet Murat</creatorcontrib><title>Diagnostic Value of Serum Sodium Level and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting Severity of Acute Appendicitis: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Two-Center Study</title><title>Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)</title><addtitle>Medicina (Kaunas)</addtitle><description>: The best way to distinguish complicated acute appendicitis (CAA) from uncomplicated acute appendicitis (UCAA) is still under debate. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential use of the serum sodium (Na
) level and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) to distinguish CAA from UCAA and to evaluate whether CAA is more reliably diagnosed using these two variables together.
: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, two-center study of patients diagnosed with AA between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2023. The demographic and analytical variables were analyzed. The NLR was defined as the quotient between the absolute values of neutrophils and lymphocytes. Hyponatremia was defined as a serum Na
level of ≤135 mmol/L. The sensitivity and specificity of the NLR and the serum Na
level in the diagnosis of CAA were determined by assessing the receiver operating characteristic curves.
: Among the patients who underwent an appendectomy, 3066 histologically confirmed AA cases were identified and included in this study. The registered data revealed that 348 (11.3%) patients had CAA, and the remaining 2718 (88.7%) patients had UCAA. The mean ages were 49.47 ± 18.97 and 38.16 ± 14.50, respectively (
< 0.001). The analysis revealed an exponential correlation between the NLR and the serum Na
level with a moderate degree of agreement with CAA (Cohen's Kappa: 0.461,
< 0.001). For CAA, using the NLR and the serum Na
level, the areas under the curve and the cutoffs were 0.664, 4.2 with a confidence interval (CI) of 0.647-0.681 and 0.727, 135 mmol/L with a CI of 0.711-0.742, respectively; all these values were significant with a
-value of <0.001.
: Although the serum Na
level is a more effective marker than the NLR, using these two variables together can help detect high-risk patients who may benefit from early management by limiting delays in surgery.</description><subject>Abscesses</subject><subject>Acute Disease</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Appendectomy</subject><subject>Appendicitis</subject><subject>Appendicitis - blood</subject><subject>Appendicitis - diagnosis</subject><subject>Appendicitis - surgery</subject><subject>biomarkers</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>disease severity</subject><subject>Emergency medical care</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health facilities</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hyponatremia</subject><subject>Immunosuppressive agents</subject><subject>Information systems</subject><subject>Kidney diseases</subject><subject>Laparoscopy</subject><subject>Leukocytes</subject><subject>Lymphocytes</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medicine, Experimental</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neutrophils</subject><subject>Normal distribution</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Predictive Value of Tests</subject><subject>predictivity</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>ROC Curve</subject><subject>Severity of Illness Index</subject><subject>Sodium</subject><subject>Sodium - blood</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>Variables</subject><issn>1648-9144</issn><issn>1010-660X</issn><issn>1648-9144</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptkstu1DAUhiMEoqWwZ4UssWGTYsd2LmzQaLhVGgHqFLaWY5_MeJTYqeMMyhvxmDhMqWYq5MXx5T-ffX6fJHlJ8CWlFX7bgTbKWJljQkjJ2KPknOSsTCvC2OOj-VnybBh2GNOMF9nT5IxWvCpwVp0nvz8YubFuCEahn7IdAbkGrcGPHVo7bWJYwR5aJK1GX2EM3vVb06bBpaup67dOTQHQtQzGIWPRdz8_KBi7iYw9eBOmmbdQY1Qt-h7s_N5ghndoga4h0oYeon4PaBnnQ7qeV87KFt38cukSbACP1mHU0_PkSSPbAV7cxYvkx6ePN8sv6erb56vlYpUqWlUh5byBrKAaM415TVld8oppkLhQZUY1I5ICZsDzaARmVCqKmwog55LwAktKL5KrA1c7uRO9N530k3DSiL8bzm-E9NGtFgTXtSZYSqgpYQ1WdbwMU1lKnWUlUzqy3h9Y_VjHr1KxHC_bE-jpiTVbsXF7QQiv8hwXkfDmjuDd7QhDEJ0ZFLSttODGQVBCKeNFrCVKXz-Q7tzoo5UHVUZxURypNjJWYGzj4sVqhopFSUpKo115VF3-RxWHhs4oZ6Excf8kAR8S1PyNHpr7IgkWc6uKh60aU14dm3Of8K836R9XX-fF</recordid><startdate>20241109</startdate><enddate>20241109</enddate><creator>Senol, Serdar</creator><creator>Kusak, Mustafa</creator><creator>Özdemir, Dursun Burak</creator><creator>Sendil, Ahmet Murat</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3672-5738</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6307-5390</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20241109</creationdate><title>Diagnostic Value of Serum Sodium Level and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting Severity of Acute Appendicitis: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Two-Center Study</title><author>Senol, Serdar ; Kusak, Mustafa ; Özdemir, Dursun Burak ; Sendil, Ahmet Murat</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-55fe273d04d05b34b8594dea07c823d41a3e04e56572043ac30f9ee65a1570a33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Abscesses</topic><topic>Acute Disease</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Appendectomy</topic><topic>Appendicitis</topic><topic>Appendicitis - blood</topic><topic>Appendicitis - diagnosis</topic><topic>Appendicitis - surgery</topic><topic>biomarkers</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>disease severity</topic><topic>Emergency medical care</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Health facilities</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hyponatremia</topic><topic>Immunosuppressive agents</topic><topic>Information systems</topic><topic>Kidney diseases</topic><topic>Laparoscopy</topic><topic>Leukocytes</topic><topic>Lymphocytes</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Medicine, Experimental</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Neutrophils</topic><topic>Normal distribution</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Predictive Value of Tests</topic><topic>predictivity</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>ROC Curve</topic><topic>Severity of Illness Index</topic><topic>Sodium</topic><topic>Sodium - blood</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><topic>Variables</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Senol, Serdar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kusak, Mustafa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Özdemir, Dursun Burak</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sendil, Ahmet Murat</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Proquest)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Senol, Serdar</au><au>Kusak, Mustafa</au><au>Özdemir, Dursun Burak</au><au>Sendil, Ahmet Murat</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Diagnostic Value of Serum Sodium Level and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting Severity of Acute Appendicitis: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Two-Center Study</atitle><jtitle>Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)</jtitle><addtitle>Medicina (Kaunas)</addtitle><date>2024-11-09</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>60</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>1844</spage><pages>1844-</pages><issn>1648-9144</issn><issn>1010-660X</issn><eissn>1648-9144</eissn><abstract>: The best way to distinguish complicated acute appendicitis (CAA) from uncomplicated acute appendicitis (UCAA) is still under debate. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential use of the serum sodium (Na
) level and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) to distinguish CAA from UCAA and to evaluate whether CAA is more reliably diagnosed using these two variables together.
: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, two-center study of patients diagnosed with AA between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2023. The demographic and analytical variables were analyzed. The NLR was defined as the quotient between the absolute values of neutrophils and lymphocytes. Hyponatremia was defined as a serum Na
level of ≤135 mmol/L. The sensitivity and specificity of the NLR and the serum Na
level in the diagnosis of CAA were determined by assessing the receiver operating characteristic curves.
: Among the patients who underwent an appendectomy, 3066 histologically confirmed AA cases were identified and included in this study. The registered data revealed that 348 (11.3%) patients had CAA, and the remaining 2718 (88.7%) patients had UCAA. The mean ages were 49.47 ± 18.97 and 38.16 ± 14.50, respectively (
< 0.001). The analysis revealed an exponential correlation between the NLR and the serum Na
level with a moderate degree of agreement with CAA (Cohen's Kappa: 0.461,
< 0.001). For CAA, using the NLR and the serum Na
level, the areas under the curve and the cutoffs were 0.664, 4.2 with a confidence interval (CI) of 0.647-0.681 and 0.727, 135 mmol/L with a CI of 0.711-0.742, respectively; all these values were significant with a
-value of <0.001.
: Although the serum Na
level is a more effective marker than the NLR, using these two variables together can help detect high-risk patients who may benefit from early management by limiting delays in surgery.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>39597029</pmid><doi>10.3390/medicina60111844</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3672-5738</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6307-5390</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Abscesses Acute Disease Adult Aged Appendectomy Appendicitis Appendicitis - blood Appendicitis - diagnosis Appendicitis - surgery biomarkers Blood Cross-Sectional Studies disease severity Emergency medical care Female Health aspects Health facilities Hospitals Humans Hyponatremia Immunosuppressive agents Information systems Kidney diseases Laparoscopy Leukocytes Lymphocytes Male Medical research Medicine, Experimental Middle Aged Neutrophils Normal distribution Patients Predictive Value of Tests predictivity Retrospective Studies ROC Curve Severity of Illness Index Sodium Sodium - blood Surgery Variables |
title | Diagnostic Value of Serum Sodium Level and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Predicting Severity of Acute Appendicitis: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Two-Center Study |
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