Body mass index (BMI) trajectories from birth to 11.5 years: relation to early life food intake

Recent research has shown that the pattern of change over time, or trajectory, of body mass index (BMI) varies among children. However, the factors that underlie the heterogeneity in these trajectories remain largely unexplored. Our aim was to use a growth mixture model to empirically identify class...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2012-10, Vol.4 (10), p.1382-1398
Main Authors: Garden, Frances L, Marks, Guy B, Simpson, Judy M, Webb, Karen L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Asthma
Body Mass Index
Breast Feeding
breastfeeding
Breastfeeding & lactation
Child
Child, Preschool
developmental trajectory
Diet
dietary intake
Energy Intake
Female
Food
Humans
In Vitro Techniques
Infant
Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Male
Models, Biological
Mothers
Multiple births
Nutrients
nutrition
Nutrition research
Obesity
Obesity - etiology
Pregnancy
Sex Factors
Young Adult
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Summary:Recent research has shown that the pattern of change over time, or trajectory, of body mass index (BMI) varies among children. However, the factors that underlie the heterogeneity in these trajectories remain largely unexplored. Our aim was to use a growth mixture model to empirically identify classes of BMI trajectories (from birth to 11.5 years) and examine the effects of breastfeeding, introduction of solids, as well as food and nutrient intake at 18 months on these BMI trajectories. We identified three BMI growth trajectories between birth and age 11.5 years, separately in boys and girls. Breastfeeding duration less than six months and the early introduction of solids did not adversely influence BMI trajectories in our sample but high intakes of meat, particularly high fat varieties, and high intakes of carbohydrate at age around 18 months were associated with a high BMI trajectory in boys. It is not clear whether these dietary factors confer a direct risk of higher BMI in childhood or are markers for other dietary patterns that are present early and/or develop through childhood and contribute to higher BMI.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu4101382