Endogenous Hormone Levels and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveal the Mechanisms of Bulbil Initiation in Pinellia ternata

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2024-06, Vol.25 (11), p.6149
• Main Authors: Mou, Lan, Zhang, Lang, Qiu, Yujie, Liu, Mingchen, Wu, Lijuan, Mo, Xu, Chen, Ji, Liu, Fan, Li, Rui, Liu, Chen, Tian, Mengliang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetates - metabolism; Acetates - pharmacology; bulbil; Cell cycle; Cell division; Cyclopentanes - metabolism; Fatty acids; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Genes; hormone; Hormones; Investigations; Leaves; Medical imaging; Metabolites; metabolomics; MicroRNAs; Oxylipins - metabolism; Pinellia - genetics; Pinellia - metabolism; Pinellia ternata; Plant Growth Regulators - metabolism; Plant Leaves - genetics; Plant Leaves - metabolism; Plant Proteins - genetics; Plant Proteins - metabolism; Plant Roots - genetics; Plant Roots - growth & development; Plant Roots - metabolism; Proteins; Sterols; Transcriptome; transcriptomics
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116149

is a medicinal plant that has important pharmacological value, and the bulbils serve as the primary reproductive organ; however, the mechanisms underlying bulbil initiation remain unclear. Here, we characterized bulbil development via histological, transcriptomic, and targeted metabolomic analyses to unearth the intricate relationship between hormones, genes, and bulbil development. The results show that the bulbils initiate growth from the leaf axillary meristem (AM). In this stage, jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), isopentenyl adenosine (IPA), and salicylic acid (SA) were highly enriched, while indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), zeatin, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and 5-dexoxystrigol (5-DS) were notably decreased. Through OPLS-DA analysis, SA has emerged as the most crucial factor in initiating and positively regulating bulbil formation. Furthermore, a strong association between IPA and SA was observed during bulbil initiation. The transcriptional changes in ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), (S ), ( ), x ( ), ( ), ( ), (O ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), (M ), ( ), and S ( ) were highly correlated with hormone concentrations, indicating that bulbil initiation is coordinately controlled by multiple phytohormones. Notably, eight TFs (transcription factors) that regulate AM initiation have been identified as pivotal regulators of bulbil formation. Among these, ( ), ( ), ( ), and (R ) have been observed to exhibit elevated expression levels. Conversely, demonstrated contrasting expression patterns. The intricate expression profiles of these TFs are closely associated with the upregulated expression of ( ), suggesting a intricate regulatory network underlying the complex process of bulbil initiation. This study offers a profound understanding of the bulbil initiation process and could potentially aid in refining molecular breeding techniques specific to .