Hydration and Diffusion of H+, Li+, Na+, Cs+ Ions in Cation-Exchange Membranes Based on Polyethylene- and Sulfonated-Grafted Polystyrene Studied by NMR Technique and Ionic Conductivity Measurements

The main particularities of sulfonate groups hydration, water molecule and alkaline metal cation translation mobility as well as ionic conductivity were revealed by NMR and impedance spectroscopy techniques. Cation-exchange membranes MSC based on cross-linked sulfonated polystyrene (PS) grafted on p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Membranes (Basel) 2020-10, Vol.10 (10), p.272
Main Authors: Volkov, Vitaliy I., Chernyak, Alexander V., Golubenko, Daniil V., Tverskoy, Vladimir A., Lochin, Georgiy A., Odjigaeva, Ervena S., Yaroslavtsev, Andrey B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aqueous solutions
Cation exchanging
Cesium
Cesium 133
Cesium ions
Cesium isotopes
Channel pores
Chemical equilibrium
Conductivity
Diffusion
Diffusion coefficient
Einstein equations
Heterogeneity
Humidity
Hydration
hydration number
Hydrogen
Ion currents
Ion exchange
ionic conductivity
Ionic mobility
Lithium
Magnetic fields
Mathematical analysis
Membranes
Metal ions
Mobility
Na+/H+-exchanging ATPase
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Polyethylene
Polyethylenes
Polymerization
Polystyrene
Polystyrene resins
pulsed field gradient NMR
Radiation
Saline solutions
Sodium
Spectroscopy
Spectrum analysis
sulfonic cation-exchange membrane
Water chemistry
Water vapor
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Summary:The main particularities of sulfonate groups hydration, water molecule and alkaline metal cation translation mobility as well as ionic conductivity were revealed by NMR and impedance spectroscopy techniques. Cation-exchange membranes MSC based on cross-linked sulfonated polystyrene (PS) grafted on polyethylene with ion-exchange capacity of 2.5 mg-eq/g were investigated. Alkaline metal cation hydration numbers (h) calculated from temperature dependences of 1H chemical shift of water molecule for membranes equilibrated with water vapor at RH = 95% are 5, 6, and 4 for Li+, Na+, and Cs+ ions, respectively. These values are close to h for equimolar aqueous salt solutions. Water molecules and counter ions Li+, Na+, and Cs+ diffusion coefficients were measured by pulsed field gradient NMR on the 1H, 7Li, 23Na, and 133Cs nuclei. For membranes as well as for aqueous chloride solutions, cation diffusion coefficients increased in the following sequence: Li+ < Na+ < Cs+. Cation and water molecule diffusion activation energies in temperature range from 20 °C to 80 °C were close to each other (about 20 kJ/mol). The cation conductivity of MSC membranes is in the same sequence, Li+ < Na+ < Cs+
ISSN:2077-0375
2077-0375
DOI:10.3390/membranes10100272