Resuscitation from Respiratory Arrest Due to Life-Threatening Ventricular Arrhythmias in a Patient with Amitriptyline Intoxication: An Old Problem in a New Era

• Published in: International medical case reports journal 2024-01, Vol.17, p.949-957
• Main Authors: Nguyen, Tan Thanh, Le, Lac Duy, Vu, Thanh Tri, Nguyen, Anh Thai, Doan, Duc Binh, Pham, Duyen Thi, Pham, Tung Thanh, Vu, Chuc Ngoc, Nguyen Vo, Minh Hoang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: amitriptyline; cardiac arrhythmia; tricyclic antidepressants
• ISSN: 1179-142X; 1179-142X
• DOI: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S478761

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) were once commonly used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD), but are now considered second-line options after SSRIs and SNRIs. Additionally, TCAs are used to treat other conditions such as chronic pain and enuresis in children. Due to their numerous side effects and potential for drug interactions, cases of poisoning and death from TCA overdose, particularly amitriptyline, are on the rise. Therefore, this article revisits the overview and describes the clinical progression regarding blood gases, ECG, and electrolytes of the patient, as well as the use of 4.2% sodium bicarbonate and 2% lidocaine to treat cases of amitriptyline overdose poisoning. A 49-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital due to cardiac and respiratory arrest. The patient had a past medical history of untreated cervical cancer and sleep disorders. Prior to admission, the patient had taken about 20 tablets of amitriptyline 25mg and was in a drowsy state with gasping breaths. During transportation to the hospital, the patient experienced cardiac arrest once and was successfully resuscitated, with a total arrest and resuscitation time of approximately 10 minutes. The use of 4.2% Sodium Bicarbonate and 2% Lidocaine, the patient was not used plasma exchange in this case, proved effective in this case. Continuous monitoring of blood gas levels, ECG, and electrolytes was maintained. The patient was able to walk independently and was discharged after 12 days of treatment. The key factor was the healthcare staff's quick recognition and timely management of TCA poisoning, in this case, amitriptyline.