Impacts of Maternal Nutrition on Vascularity of Nutrient Transferring Tissues during Gestation and Lactation

As the demand for food increases with exponential growth in the world population, it is imperative that we understand how to make livestock production as efficient as possible in the face of decreasing available natural resources. Moreover, it is important that livestock are able to meet their metab...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2015-05, Vol.7 (5), p.3497-3523
Main Authors: Vonnahme, Kimberly A, Lemley, Caleb O, Caton, Joel S, Meyer, Allison M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Diet - adverse effects
Female
Humans
Lactation
mammary gland
Mammary Glands, Animal - blood supply
Mammary Glands, Animal - metabolism
Mammary Glands, Human - blood supply
Mammary Glands, Human - metabolism
Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Maternal-Fetal Exchange
Neovascularization, Physiologic
placenta
Placenta - blood supply
Placenta - metabolism
Placentation
Pregnancy
Review
small intestine
uterine blood flow
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Summary:As the demand for food increases with exponential growth in the world population, it is imperative that we understand how to make livestock production as efficient as possible in the face of decreasing available natural resources. Moreover, it is important that livestock are able to meet their metabolic demands and supply adequate nutrition to developing offspring both during pregnancy and lactation. Specific nutrient supplementation programs that are designed to offset deficiencies, enhance efficiency, and improve nutrient supply during pregnancy can alter tissue vascular responses, fetal growth, and postnatal offspring outcomes. This review outlines how vascularity in nutrient transferring tissues, namely the maternal gastrointestinal tract, the utero-placental tissue, and the mammary gland, respond to differing nutritional planes and other specific nutrient supplementation regimes.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu7053497