Effect of a Mismatched Vaccine against the Outbreak of a Novel FMD Strain in a Pig Population

In December 2014, a novel foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus was introduced to a pig farm in South Korea, despite the animals being vaccinated. A marginal antigenic matching between the novel and vaccine strains potentially led to the infection of the vaccinated animals. To understand the impact of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Animals (Basel) 2023-10, Vol.13 (19), p.3082
Main Authors: Han, Jun-Hee, Yoo, Dae-Sung, Lee, Chang-Min
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ABC-SMC
Algorithms
Analysis
Antibodies
antigenic diversity
Epidemics
Foot & mouth disease
Foot-and-mouth disease
Hogs
Infections
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Parameter estimation
Simulation
Swine
unmatched vaccine
Vaccination
vaccine effect
Vaccines
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Summary:In December 2014, a novel foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus was introduced to a pig farm in South Korea, despite the animals being vaccinated. A marginal antigenic matching between the novel and vaccine strains potentially led to the infection of the vaccinated animals. To understand the impact of using an FMD vaccine on the transmission dynamics of an unmatched field strain, simulation models were employed using daily reported data on clinical cases from the farm. The results of this study indicated that immunisation with the FMD vaccine reduced the shedding of the novel FMD virus in pigs. However, there was no evidence to suggest that the immunisation had a significant effect in reducing the development of clinical signs. These findings highlight that the use of an unmatched FMD vaccine can confound the outbreak by altering the disease dynamics of the novel virus. Based on this study, we emphasise the importance of continuous testing to ensure antigenic matching between the circulating strains and the vaccine pool.
ISSN:2076-2615
2076-2615
DOI:10.3390/ani13193082