Multilevel Regulation of Peroxisomal Proteome by Post-Translational Modifications

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2019-10, Vol.20 (19), p.4881
• Main Authors: Sandalio, Luisa M, Gotor, Cecilia, Romero, Luis C, Romero-Puertas, Maria C
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biosynthesis; Cell division; Chloroplasts; Crosstalk; Dehydrogenases; Environmental changes; Enzymes; Eukaryotes; Fatty acids; Gene expression; Glyoxylate cycle; Hormones; Lipid metabolism; Lipids; Metabolic pathways; Metabolism; Metabolites; Mitochondria; nitration; nitric oxide; Nitric Oxide - metabolism; Organelles; Oxidation; Oxidation-Reduction; peroxisome; Peroxisomes; Peroxisomes - metabolism; persulfidation; phosphorylation; Photorespiration; Plants - metabolism; Polyamines; Post-translation; posttranslational modifications; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Proteins; Proteome; Proteomes; reactive oxygen species; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Review; s-nitrosylation; Salicylic acid; Senescence; Signal Transduction; sulfenylation; Translation
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194881

Peroxisomes, which are ubiquitous organelles in all eukaryotes, are highly dynamic organelles that are essential for development and stress responses. Plant peroxisomes are involved in major metabolic pathways, such as fatty acid β-oxidation, photorespiration, ureide and polyamine metabolism, in the biosynthesis of jasmonic, indolacetic, and salicylic acid hormones, as well as in signaling molecules such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). Peroxisomes are involved in the perception of environmental changes, which is a complex process involving the regulation of gene expression and protein functionality by protein post-translational modifications (PTMs). Although there has been a growing interest in individual PTMs in peroxisomes over the last ten years, their role and cross-talk in the whole peroxisomal proteome remain unclear. This review provides up-to-date information on the function and crosstalk of the main peroxisomal PTMs. Analysis of whole peroxisomal proteomes shows that a very large number of peroxisomal proteins are targeted by multiple PTMs, which affect redox balance, photorespiration, the glyoxylate cycle, and lipid metabolism. This multilevel PTM regulation could boost the plasticity of peroxisomes and their capacity to regulate metabolism in response to environmental changes.