Identification of Crucial Amino Acids in Begomovirus C4 Proteins Involved in the Modulation of the Severity of Leaf Curling Symptoms

Begomoviruses frequently inflict upward or downward leaf curling symptoms on infected plants, leading to severe economic damages. Knowledge of the underlying mechanism controlling the leaf curling severity may facilitate the development of alternative disease management strategies. In this study, th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2022-02, Vol.14 (3), p.499
Main Authors: Dai, Kao-Wei, Tsai, Yu-Ting, Wu, Chia-Ying, Lai, Yi-Chin, Lin, Na-Sheng, Hu, Chung-Chi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino Acids
Begomovirus
Begomovirus - genetics
C4 protein
Cloning
Cross-protection
Disease management
Enzymes
geminiviruses
Genomes
Infections
Kinases
Leaf-curl
Lycopersicon esculentum
Mutation
pathogenesis
Plant Diseases
Plant viruses
Proteins
Recombination
symptom determinant
Viruses
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Summary:Begomoviruses frequently inflict upward or downward leaf curling symptoms on infected plants, leading to severe economic damages. Knowledge of the underlying mechanism controlling the leaf curling severity may facilitate the development of alternative disease management strategies. In this study, through genomic recombination between Nan-Tou strain (AYVV-NT) and Tai-Chung Strain (TLCV-TC), which caused upward and downward leaf curling on , respectively, it was found that the coding region of C4 protein might be involved in the determination of leaf curling directions. Sequence comparison and mutational analysis revealed that the cysteine and glycine at position 8 and 14 of AYVV-TC C4 protein, respectively, are involved in the modulation of leaf curling symptoms. Cross-protection assays further demonstrated that inoculated with AYVV-carrying mutations of the aforementioned amino acids exhibited attenuated leaf curling symptoms under the challenge of wild-type AYVV-NT. Together, these findings revealed a new function of begomovirus C4 proteins involved in the modulation of leaf curling severity during symptom formation and suggested potential applications for managing viral diseases through manipulating the symptoms.
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v14030499