Nrf2 and Heme Oxygenase-1 Involvement in Atherosclerosis Related Oxidative Stress

Atherosclerosis remains the underlying process responsible for cardiovascular diseases and the high mortality rates associated. This chronic inflammatory disease progresses with the formation of occlusive atherosclerotic plaques over the inner walls of vascular vessels, with oxidative stress being a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antioxidants 2021-09, Vol.10 (9), p.1463
Main Authors: Alonso-Piñeiro, Jose Angel, Gonzalez-Rovira, Almudena, Sánchez-Gomar, Ismael, Moreno, Juan Antonio, Durán-Ruiz, Ma Carmen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antioxidants
Apoptosis
Arteriosclerosis
Atherosclerosis
Cardiovascular diseases
Cell activation
Cell adhesion & migration
Cholesterol
Cytokines
Diabetes
Endothelium
Enzymes
Free radicals
Glucose
Heme
Heme oxygenase (decyclizing)
heme oxygenase-1
Hypertension
Inflammation
Inflammatory diseases
Lipids
Lipoproteins
Low density lipoprotein
Nrf2
Oxidation
Oxidative stress
Oxygenase
Permeability
Plaques
Production increases
Proteins
Review
Shear stress
Smooth muscle
Veins & arteries
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Summary:Atherosclerosis remains the underlying process responsible for cardiovascular diseases and the high mortality rates associated. This chronic inflammatory disease progresses with the formation of occlusive atherosclerotic plaques over the inner walls of vascular vessels, with oxidative stress being an important element of this pathology. Oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) induces endothelial dysfunction, foam cell activation, and inflammatory response, resulting in the formation of fatty streaks in the atherosclerotic wall. With this in mind, different approaches aim to reduce oxidative damage as a strategy to tackle the progression of atherosclerosis. Special attention has been paid in recent years to the transcription factor Nrf2 and its downstream-regulated protein heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), both known to provide protection against atherosclerotic injury. In the current review, we summarize the involvement of oxidative stress in atherosclerosis, focusing on the role that these antioxidant molecules exert, as well as the potential therapeutic strategies applied to enhance their antioxidant and antiatherogenic properties.
ISSN:2076-3921
2076-3921
DOI:10.3390/antiox10091463