Increased replication of dissimilatory nitrate-reducing bacteria leads to decreased anammox bioreactor performance

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a biological process employed to remove reactive nitrogen from wastewater. While a substantial body of literature describes the performance of anammox bioreactors under various operational conditions and perturbations, few studies have resolved the metabolic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Microbiome 2020-01, Vol.8 (1), p.7-7, Article 7
Main Authors: Keren, Ray, Lawrence, Jennifer E, Zhuang, Weiqin, Jenkins, David, Banfield, Jillian F, Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa, Zhou, Lijie, Yu, Ke
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ammonium
Analysis
Anammox
Bacteria
BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Biomass
Bioreactors
Carbon cycle
Cycling
Denitrification
Denitrifying bacteria
Dissimilatory nitrate reduction (DNRA)
Effluents
Genomes
Inoculation
Laboratories
Laboratory equipment
Metabolism
Metabolites
Metagenomics
Nitrate reduction
Nitrates
Nitrification
Nitrogen
Nitrogen cycle
Nitrogen removal
Oxidation
Oxidation-reduction reactions
Replication
Taxonomy
Wastewater
Water treatment
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Summary:Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a biological process employed to remove reactive nitrogen from wastewater. While a substantial body of literature describes the performance of anammox bioreactors under various operational conditions and perturbations, few studies have resolved the metabolic roles of their core microbial community members. Here, we used metagenomics to study the microbial community of a laboratory-scale anammox bioreactor from inoculation, through a performance destabilization event, to robust steady-state performance. Metabolic analyses revealed that nutrient acquisition from the environment is selected for in the anammox community. Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) was the primary nitrogen removal pathway that competed with anammox. Increased replication of bacteria capable of DNRA led to the out-competition of anammox bacteria, and the loss of the bioreactor's nitrogen removal capacity. These bacteria were highly associated with the anammox bacterium and considered part of the core microbial community. Our findings highlight the importance of metabolic interdependencies related to nitrogen- and carbon-cycling within anammox bioreactors and the potentially detrimental effects of bacteria that are otherwise considered core microbial community members.
ISSN:2049-2618
2049-2618
DOI:10.1186/s40168-020-0786-3