Association between developmental dental anomalies, early childhood caries and oral hygiene status of 3-5-year-old children in Ile-Ife, Nigeria

• Published in: BMC oral health 2019-12, Vol.20 (1), p.1-1, Article 1
• Main Authors: Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Alade, Michael, Adeniyi, Abiola, El Tantawi, Maha, Finlayson, Tracy L
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Amelogenesis imperfecta; Analysis; Child development; Child, Preschool; Childhood; Children; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dens in Dente - epidemiology; Dental caries; Dental Caries - epidemiology; Dental Caries - etiology; Dental enamel; Dental Enamel Hypoplasia - epidemiology; Dentistry; Developmental anomalies; Early childhood caries; Early childhood education; Enamel; Enamel hypoplasia; Female; Fluorides; Fluorosis; Fused Teeth - epidemiology; Germination; Health aspects; Households; Humans; Hygiene; Hypomineralized second primary molar; Hypoplasia; Incisor - abnormalities; Male; Molars; Nigeria; Nigeria - epidemiology; Oral Hygiene; Population studies; Preschool children; Prevalence; Professional associations; Public relations; Regression analysis; Social class; Socioeconomic factors; Supernumerary; Surveys; Teeth; Toiletries industry; Tooth Abnormalities - classification; Tooth Abnormalities - epidemiology; Tooth Crown - abnormalities
• ISSN: 1472-6831; 1472-6831
• DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0991-2

To determine the association between developmental dental anomalies (DDA), early childhood caries (ECC) and oral hygiene status of 3-5-year-old children resident in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. This was a cross-sectional study. We analyzed data for 3-5-year-olds extracted from the dataset of a household survey collected to determine the association between ECC and maternal psychosocial wellbeing in children 0-5-year-old. The outcome variables for the study were ECC and poor oral hygiene. The explanatory variable was the presence of developmental dental anomalies (supernumerary, supplemental, mesiodens, hypodontia, macrodontia, microdontia, peg-shaped lateral, dens evaginatus, dens invaginatus, talons cusp, fusion/germination, hypoplasia, hypomineralized second molar, fluorosis, amelogenesis imperfecta). The prevalence of each anomaly was determined. Poisson regression analysis was conducted to determine the association between presence of developmental dental anomalies, ECC and oral hygiene status. The model was adjusted for sex, age and socioeconomic status. Of the 918 children examined, 75 (8.2%) had developmental dental anomalies, 43 (4.7%) had ECC, and 38 (4.1%) had poor oral hygiene. The most prevalent developmental dental anomalies was enamel hypoplasia (3.9%). Of the 43 children with ECC, 6 (14.0%) had enamel hypoplasia and 3 (7.6%) had hypomineralized second primary molar. There was a significant association between ECC and enamel hypoplasia (p