Evaluating Different TiO2 Nanoflower-Based Composites for Humidity Detection

Unique three-dimensional (3D) titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoflowers (TFNA) have shown great potential for humidity sensing applications, due to their large surface area-to-volume ratio and high hydrophilicity. The formation of a composite with other materials could further enhance the performance of t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-08, Vol.22 (15), p.5794
Main Authors: Mohamed Zahidi, Musa, Mamat, Mohamad Hafiz, Malek, Mohd Firdaus, Yaakob, Muhamad Kamil, Ahmad, Mohd Khairul, Abu Bakar, Suriani, Mohamed, Azmi, A Subki, A Shamsul Rahimi, Mahmood, Mohamad Rusop
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
composite
Composite materials
Contact angle
Electric contacts
Electrical resistivity
Field emission spectroscopy
Glass substrates
Hall effect
Humidity
humidity sensor
Hydrophilicity
Microscopy
Morphology
Nitrates
Photoelectrons
Sensors
solution immersion method
Spectrum analysis
TiO2 nanoflower
Titanium dioxide
X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Zinc oxide
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Summary:Unique three-dimensional (3D) titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoflowers (TFNA) have shown great potential for humidity sensing applications, due to their large surface area-to-volume ratio and high hydrophilicity. The formation of a composite with other materials could further enhance the performance of this material. In this work, the effect of different types of composites on the performance of a TNFA-based humidity sensor was examined. NiO, ZnO, rGO, and PVDF have been explored as possible composite pairing candidates with TiO2 nanoflowers, which were prepared via a modified solution immersion method. The properties of the composites were examined using field emission electron spectroscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), current-voltage (I-V) analysis, Hall effect measurement, and contact angle measurement. The performance of the humidity sensor was assessed using a humidity sensor measurement system inside a humidity-controlled chamber. Based on the result, the combination of TiO2 with rGO produced the highest sensor response at 39,590%. The achievement is attributed to the increase in the electrical conductivity, hydrophilicity, and specific surface area of the composite.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s22155794