In Vivo and In Vitro Study of Immunostimulation by Leuconostoc lactis -Produced Gluco-Oligosaccharides

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2019-11, Vol.24 (21), p.3994
• Main Authors: Lee, Sulhee, Song, In Ho, Park, Young-Seo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Bacteria; c-Jun protein; Cell Line; Cholecystokinin; Cyclophosphamide; Cytokines; Extracellular signal-regulated kinase; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases - metabolism; Functional foods & nutraceuticals; Glycosyltransferase; Immune system; Immunization - methods; Immunostimulation; In vivo methods and tests; Interleukin-10 - metabolism; Interleukin-6 - metabolism; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism; JNK protein; Leuconostoc - metabolism; Leuconostoc lactis; Macrophages; Macrophages - drug effects; Macrophages - metabolism; Male; Maltose; MAP kinase; mapk signaling pathway; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neutrophils; Nitric oxide; Oligosaccharides; Oligosaccharides - pharmacology; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism; Pathogens; Phagocytes; Phagocytosis; Phagocytosis - drug effects; Phosphorylation - drug effects; Protein kinase; Proteins; RAW 264.7 Cells; Signal transduction; Signal Transduction - drug effects; Spleen; Sucrose; Transcription factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Up-Regulation - drug effects
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213994

Glycosyltransferase-producing CCK940 produces CCK- oligosaccharides, gluco-oligosaccharide molecules, using sucrose and maltose as donor and acceptor molecules, respectively. In this study, the immunostimulatory activities of CCK-oligosaccharides on RAW264.7 macrophages and BALB/c mice were evaluated. CCK-oligosaccharides induced the expression of phosphorylated-p38, extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and upregulation of phagocytic activity in RAW264.7 macrophages, suggesting their involvement in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and phagocytosis. When CCK-oligosaccharides were administered to mice intraperitoneally injected with cyclophosphamide (CY), spleen indices and expressions of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α increased, compared with those in only CY-treated group. These findings suggest that CCK-oligosaccharides can be used as an effective immunostimulating agent.