High serum endothelin-1 level is associated with poor response to steroid therapy in childhood-onset nephrotic syndrome

• Published in: Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation 2019-07, Vol.30 (4), p.769-774
• Main Authors: Dudar, Nuha A., Ahmad, Hibah Mustafa, Murjan, Dalia S., Najib, Maryam S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age of Onset; Analysis; Binding sites; Biomarkers - blood; Care and treatment; Child; Child health; Child, Preschool; Children; Cholesterol; Drug Resistance; Edema; Endothelin; Endothelin-1 - blood; Enzymes; Female; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental - blood; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental - diagnosis; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental - drug therapy; Humans; Hyperlipidemia; Kidney diseases; Male; Nephrosis, Lipoid - blood; Nephrosis, Lipoid - diagnosis; Nephrosis, Lipoid - drug therapy; Nephrotic syndrome; Nephrotic Syndrome - blood; Nephrotic Syndrome - congenital; Nephrotic Syndrome - diagnosis; Nephrotic Syndrome - drug therapy; Pathology; Patients; Pediatric diseases; Permeability; Protein metabolism disorders; Proteins; Proteinuria; Recurrence; Remission Induction; Statistical analysis; Steroids - adverse effects; Steroids - therapeutic use; Treatment Outcome; Up-Regulation; الإندوثيلينات; الستيرويد; المتلازمة الكلوية; المرضى; طب الأطفال; علم المداواة; مصل الدم
• ISSN: 1319-2442; 2320-3838
• DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.265451

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is one of the most common kidney diseases seen in children. It is a disorder characterized by severe proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, and generalized edema resulting from alterations of permeability at the glomerular capillary wall. Endothelin-1 (ET1) has a central role in the pathogenesis of proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis and has a role in assessment of the clinical course of NS in children. This study aims to investigate the relationship between ET1 serum level and the response to steroid therapy in children with primary NS. Serum ET1 levels were evaluated in 55 children with NS. They were classified into two groups: 30 patients with steroid-sensitive NS (SSNS) and 25 patients with steroid-resistant NS (SRNS). The SSNS group was further divided into infrequent-relapsing NS (IFRNS) and steroid-dependent NS (SDNS), while the SRNS group was subdivided into two groups according to renal pathology. ET1 levels were significantly higher in the SRNS group (52.5 ± 45.8 pg/dL) compared to the SSNS group (18.3 ± 17 pg/dL) (P