Comprehensive genetic testing improves the clinical diagnosis and medical management of pediatric patients with isolated hearing loss

Genetic testing is widely used in diagnosing genetic hearing loss in patients. Other than providing genetic etiology, the benefits of genetic testing in pediatric patients with hearing loss are less investigated. From 2018-2020, pediatric patients who initially presented isolated hearing loss were e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMC medical genomics 2022-06, Vol.15 (1), p.1-142, Article 142
Main Authors: Xiang, Jiale, Jin, Yuan, Song, Nana, Chen, Sen, Shen, Jiankun, Xie, Wen, Sun, Xiangzhong, Peng, Zhiyu, Sun, Yu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Automation
Care and treatment
Causes of
Children
Copy number
Diagnosis
Etiology
Genes
Genetic counseling
Genetic screening
Genetic testing
Genomes
Health aspects
Hearing loss
Hearing protection
Isolated hearing loss
Medical case management
Medical genetics
Medical screening
Methods
Nonsyndromic hearing loss mimics
Patient outcomes
Patients
Pediatrics
Phenotypes
Segregation
Software
Syndromic hearing loss
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Summary:Genetic testing is widely used in diagnosing genetic hearing loss in patients. Other than providing genetic etiology, the benefits of genetic testing in pediatric patients with hearing loss are less investigated. From 2018-2020, pediatric patients who initially presented isolated hearing loss were enrolled. Comprehensive genetic testing, including GJB2/SLC26A4 multiplex amplicon sequencing, STRC/OTOA copy number variation analysis, and exome sequencing, were hierarchically offered. Clinical follow-up and examinations were performed. A total of 80 pediatric patients who initially presented isolated hearing loss were considered as nonsyndromic hearing loss and enrolled in this study. The definitive diagnosis yield was 66% (53/80) and the likely diagnosis yield was 8% (6/80) through comprehensive genetic testing. With the aid of genetic testing and further clinical follow-up and examinations, the clinical diagnoses and medical management were altered in eleven patients (19%, 11/59); five were syndromic hearing loss; six were nonsyndromic hearing loss mimics. Syndromic hearing loss and nonsyndromic hearing loss mimics are common in pediatric patients who initially present with isolated hearing loss. The comprehensive genetic testing provides not only a high diagnostic yield but also valuable information for clinicians to uncover subclinical or pre-symptomatic phenotypes, which allows early diagnosis of SHL, and leads to precise genetic counseling and changes the medical management.
ISSN:1755-8794
1755-8794
DOI:10.1186/s12920-022-01293-x