Characterization and Hypoglycemic Activity of a Rhamnan-Type Sulfated Polysaccharide Derivative

• Published in: Marine drugs 2019-01, Vol.17 (1), p.21
• Main Authors: Cui, Jie-Fen, Ye, Han, Zhu, Yu-Jie, Li, Yin-Ping, Wang, Jing-Feng, Wang, Peng
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; Acute toxicity; AKT protein; Algae; Biological activity; Chelation; Chromium; Cotton; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Enzymolysis; Experiments; Gene expression; Glucose; Glucose metabolism; Glycogen; Glycogen synthase kinase 3; Glycogens; Hyperglycemia; Hypoglycemia; Insulin; Insulin receptors; Insulin resistance; Kinases; Lethal dose; Ligands; Metabolism; molecular mechanism; Molecular weight; Polysaccharides; Receptors; safety evaluation; Signal transduction; structure characterization; Substrates; sulfated polysaccharide derivative; Toxicity; type 2 diabetes; Viscosity
• ISSN: 1660-3397; 1660-3397
• DOI: 10.3390/md17010021

Polysaccharide chromium (III) derivatives are gaining increasing attention in improving type 2 diabetes. In this study, the sulfated polysaccharide from (SPE) with 4.8 kDa was prepared by specific enzymatic hydrolysis. The obtained SPE was used to prepare a rhamnan-type sulfated polysaccharide derivative (SPED). Results indicated that O-H, C=O, and S=O were effectively involved in the chelation of SPED (chromium content 20.26%). Acute (half lethal dose > 2.38 g/kg) and sub-acute toxicity showed that SPED had no damaging effects on mice. Anti-diabetic experiment demonstrated that SPED improved glucose metabolism. Moreover, SPED promoted the PI3K/PKB/GSK-3β signaling pathway by regulating mRNA expression of insulin receptors (IR), insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS-2), phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (PKB), and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β). In conclusion, the SPED might represent a novel marine-derived candidate against hyperglycemia, which may undergo further pharmaceutical development as a hypoglycemic agent.