The role of exercise in brain DNA damage

Cells are constantly subjected to cytotoxic and genotoxic insults resulting in the accumulation of unrepaired damaged DNA, which leads to neuronal death. In this way, DNA damage has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, cancer, and aging. Lifestyle factors, such as physical...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neural regeneration research 2020-11, Vol.15 (11), p.1981-1985
Main Authors: Vilela, Thais, de Andrade, Vanessa, Radak, Zsolt, de Pinho, Ricardo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation
aerobic exercise
apoptosis
brain-derived neurotrophic factor
brain
dna damage
dna repair
neurodegenerative disease
oxidative stress
physical exercise
strength exercise
Aerobics
Aging
Animal cognition
Anopheles
Antioxidants
Antioxidants (Nutrients)
Brain
Brain damage
Brain research
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Care and treatment
Cognition
Death
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Development and progression
DNA
DNA damage
DNA methylation
DNA repair
Enzymes
Epigenetics
Exercise
Fitness equipment
Gene expression
Genetic aspects
Health aspects
Kinases
Memory
Metabolism
MicroRNAs
Nervous system diseases
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neurons
Neuroplasticity
Oxidative stress
Physical fitness
Physiological aspects
Proteins
Review
Sports training
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Summary:Cells are constantly subjected to cytotoxic and genotoxic insults resulting in the accumulation of unrepaired damaged DNA, which leads to neuronal death. In this way, DNA damage has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, cancer, and aging. Lifestyle factors, such as physical exercise, are neuroprotective and increase brain function by improving cognition, learning, and memory, in addition to regulating the cellular redox milieu. Several mechanisms are associated with the effects of exercise in the brain, such as reduced production of oxidants, up-regulation of antioxidant capacity, and a consequent decrease in nuclear DNA damage. Furthermore, physical exercise is a potential strategy for further DNA damage repair. However, the neuroplasticity molecules that respond to different aspects of physical exercise remain unknown. In this review, we discuss the influence of exercise on DNA damage and adjacent mechanisms in the brain. We discuss the results of several studies that focus on the effects of physical exercise on brain DNA damage.
ISSN:1673-5374
1876-7958
DOI:10.4103/1673-5374.282237