In Vitro Assays in Severe Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions: Are They Still Research Tools or Diagnostic Tests Already?

Severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCARs) represent life-threatening medical conditions and an appropriate causative diagnosis of these conditions is of the highest importance. Existing in vivo diagnostic methods are risky or are just contraindicated in these patients. Therefore, in vitro test...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2017-08, Vol.18 (8), p.1737
Main Author: Porebski, Grzegorz
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis - diagnosis
AGEP
Assaying
Bioassays
Biomedical Research - methods
Consumer protection
diagnosis
Diagnostic software
Diagnostic systems
Diagnostic Tests, Routine - methods
DRESS
drug hypersensitivity
Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome - diagnosis
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay - methods
Humans
in vitro
In vitro methods and tests
In vivo methods and tests
Interferon
Lymphocyte transformation
Medical diagnosis
Patients
Pustulosis
Research facilities
Scars
Side effects
SJS
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - diagnosis
T-cells
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Summary:Severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCARs) represent life-threatening medical conditions and an appropriate causative diagnosis of these conditions is of the highest importance. Existing in vivo diagnostic methods are risky or are just contraindicated in these patients. Therefore, in vitro tests take on greater significance. In this survey, the studies on in vitro assays in SCARs were identified with a defined searching strategy and strict eligibility criteria. Different methods in the particular clinical manifestations and the groups of drugs were compared in respect to the diagnostic parameters obtained. The lymphocyte transformation test and IFNg-ELISpot (Interferon γ-Enzyme-linked immunospot assay) appeared to have the best evidence currently available. Further diagnostic assays, which are based mostly on distinct mechanisms of SCARs, may outdo previous assays but they still need confirmation in a larger group of patients and in more research centers. Data from pediatric populations and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) patients are scarce. Some technical issues, limitations, and modifications of routine laboratory methods are also discussed.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms18081737