Association between the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Postmenopausal Women: A Cross-Sectional Study of NHANES Data, 2013–2018

• Published in: Antioxidants 2023-09, Vol.12 (9), p.1740
• Main Authors: Liu, Chenning, Lai, Wenyu, Zhao, Meiduo, Zhang, Yexuan, Hu, Yuanjia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age; Alcohol use; Angina pectoris; Antilipemic agents; Antioxidants; Arteriosclerosis; Atherosclerosis; atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; Body mass index; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Cholesterol; composite dietary antioxidant index; Cross-sectional studies; Diabetes; Dietary minerals; Dietary supplements; Education; Family income; Family medical history; Fatty acids; Health aspects; Health surveys; Heart attacks; High density lipoprotein; Hypertension; Menstruation; NHANES; Oxidative stress; Post-menopause; Postmenopausal women; Regression analysis; Selenium; Sensitivity analysis; Sleep disorders; Smoking; Statistical analysis; Stroke; Surveys; Women; Womens health
• ISSN: 2076-3921; 2076-3921
• DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091740

The relationship between composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) levels and the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in postmenopausal women is unknown. In total, 3109 women from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2018 were included in this cross-sectional study. We evaluated the association between CDAI levels and the risk of ASCVD by using three logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines. A stratified analysis and sensitivity analysis were also conducted. The restricted cubic splines exhibited an L-shaped dose-response association between CDAI levels and the ASCVD risk. Logistic regression analysis found that CDAI levels were negatively associated with the occurrence of ASCVD. The ORs associated with a per-SD increase in CDAI were 0.67 (95% CI: 0.51–0.88) for ASCVD risk. Similarly, women in the group with high CDAI levels were less likely to have ASCVD (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.50–0.98) compared to those in the group with low CDAI levels. When the CDAI levels were divided into quartiles, it was found that the ORs for ASCVD with CDAI levels in Q2 (−1.04–1.11), Q3 (1.11–3.72), and Q4 (3.72–43.87) were 0.63 (0.44, 0.90), 0.64 (0.42, 0.94), and 0.51 (0.27, 0.97), respectively, compared to those with CDAI levels in Q1 (−6.83–−1.04). In addition, age, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and smoking behaviors acted as potential modifiers, and ORs were more significant in women aged 40–69 years, in individuals with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and in smokers (p for interaction