Evaluation of Biological Activity of Natural Compounds: Current Trends and Methods

Natural compounds have diverse structures and are present in different forms of life. Metabolites such as tannins, anthocyanins, and alkaloids, among others, serve as a defense mechanism in live organisms and are undoubtedly compounds of interest for the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries...

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Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-07, Vol.27 (14), p.4490
Main Authors: Barba-Ostria, Carlos, Carrera-Pacheco, Saskya E, Gonzalez-Pastor, Rebeca, Heredia-Moya, Jorge, Mayorga-Ramos, Arianna, Rodríguez-Pólit, Cristina, Zúñiga-Miranda, Johana, Arias-Almeida, Benjamin, Guamán, Linda P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alkaloids - pharmacology
Anthocyanins
antimicrobial
Antimicrobial agents
antioxidant
Antioxidants - chemistry
Apoptosis
Bacteria
bioactive compounds
Bioassays
Biological activity
Biomolecules
Cell cycle
Cytotoxicity
Disease
Enzymes
Food industry
Glucose
In vitro methods and tests
Metabolites
natural product
New technology
Pharmaceutical industry
Review
Stem cells
Tannins - pharmacology
Telomerase
Toxicity
Trends
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Summary:Natural compounds have diverse structures and are present in different forms of life. Metabolites such as tannins, anthocyanins, and alkaloids, among others, serve as a defense mechanism in live organisms and are undoubtedly compounds of interest for the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Plants, bacteria, and insects represent sources of biomolecules with diverse activities, which are in many cases poorly studied. To use these molecules for different applications, it is essential to know their structure, concentrations, and biological activity potential. In vitro techniques that evaluate the biological activity of the molecules of interest have been developed since the 1950s. Currently, different methodologies have emerged to overcome some of the limitations of these traditional techniques, mainly via reductions in time and costs. These emerging technologies continue to appear due to the urgent need to expand the analysis capacity of a growing number of reported biomolecules. This review presents an updated summary of the conventional and relevant methods to evaluate the natural compounds' biological activity in vitro.
ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules27144490