Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Irradiation Facilitates Transdermal Permeability of Aniline Blue on Porcine Skin and the Cellular Permeability of Keratinocytes with the Production of Nitric Oxide

The transdermal delivery system of nutrients, cosmetics, and drugs is particularly attractive for painless, noninvasive delivery and sustainable release. Recently, atmospheric pressure plasma techniques have been of great interest to improve the drug absorption rate in transdermal delivery. Currentl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied sciences 2021-03, Vol.11 (5), p.2390
Main Authors: Lee, Sunmi, Choi, Jongbong, Kim, Junghyun, Jang, Yongwoo, Lim, Tae Ho
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Absorption
Alzheimer's disease
Aniline
Argon plasma
Atmospheric pressure
atmospheric pressure plasma
Cold plasmas
Cosmetics
Drug delivery
Drug delivery systems
Extracellular matrix
Irradiation
Keratinocytes
Lipid composition
Lipids
Low temperature
Molecular weight
Nitric oxide
Nutrients
Permeability
Phenols
Plasma
plasma medicine
Proteins
Radiation
Skin
Statistical analysis
Stratum corneum
transdermal delivery
Transdermal medication
transdermal permeability
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Summary:The transdermal delivery system of nutrients, cosmetics, and drugs is particularly attractive for painless, noninvasive delivery and sustainable release. Recently, atmospheric pressure plasma techniques have been of great interest to improve the drug absorption rate in transdermal delivery. Currently, plasma-mediated changes in the lipid composition of the stratum corneum are considered a possible mechanism to increase transdermal permeability. Nevertheless, its molecular and cellular mechanisms in transdermal delivery have been largely confined and still veiled. Herein, we present the effects of cold plasma on transdermal transmission on porcine skin and the cellular permeability of keratinocytes and further demonstrate the production of nitric oxide from keratinocytes. Consequently, argon plasma irradiation for 60 s resulted in 2.5-fold higher transdermal absorption of aniline blue dye on porcine skin compared to the nontreated control. In addition, the plasma-treated keratinocytes showed an increased transmission of high-molecular-weight molecules (70 and 150 kDa) with the production of nitric oxide. Therefore, these findings suggest a promoting effect of low-temperature plasma on transdermal absorption, even for high-molecular-weight molecules. Moreover, plasma-induced nitric oxide from keratinocytes is likely to regulate transdermal permeability in the epidermal layer.
ISSN:2076-3417
2076-3417
DOI:10.3390/app11052390