Microscopic and molecular analysis of Babesia canis in archived and diagnostic specimens reveal the impact of anti-parasitic treatment and postmortem changes on pathogen detection

Classification of Babesia parasites has traditionally relied on morphological differentiation based on piroplasm size and shape. Molecular typing has subsequently revealed a more complex taxonomy for these piroplasms than previously thought. To evaluate the factors that influence the morphology of B...

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Published in:Parasites & vectors 2017-10, Vol.10 (1), p.495-495, Article 495
Main Authors: Huber, Doroteja, Beck, Ana, Anzulović, Željka, Jurković, Daria, Polkinghorne, Adam, Baneth, Gad, Beck, Relja
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antiperspirants
Babesia
Babesia canis
Babesiosis
Blood
Body organs
Change detection
Classification
Collections
Death
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Detection
Diagnosis
Diagnostic systems
DNA
Dogs
Dosage and administration
Drug therapy
Genotyping
Influence of imidocarb dipropionate
Light microscopy
Merozoite morphology
Merozoites
Microscopy
Morphology
Mortality
Necropsy
Nucleotide sequence
Organs
Parasites
Parasitic diseases
Pathogens
PCR
Physiological aspects
Polymerase chain reaction
Postmortem cytological detection
Shape
Spleen
Statistical analysis
Statistical methods
Taxonomy
Tissue
Tissues
Tropical diseases
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5091-fc8b448e8399b60377d811d701c055af9f53fa2ac0c193e0702a743669b050763
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container_title Parasites & vectors
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description Classification of Babesia parasites has traditionally relied on morphological differentiation based on piroplasm size and shape. Molecular typing has subsequently revealed a more complex taxonomy for these piroplasms than previously thought. To evaluate the factors that influence the morphology of Babesia species upon microscopic examination and hence, their taxonomic classification, we performed detailed characterizations of piroplasms from archival and prospective collections of cytological samples of dogs with piroplasmosis before and after death. Merozoite morphology and time of parasite disappearance following imidocarb dipropionate was also investigated. The study was divided into a (i) review of archived cytological slides from confirmed cases of canine piroplasmosis, and (ii) a prospective study of smears and tissue imprints from 15 recently necropsied dogs. The latter group could be further sub-divided into a non-treated group and an imidocarb dipropionate-treated group. Exact times of treatment before death were reviewed. Additional blood smears prepared from the live dogs and taken before therapy were also evaluated in the latter group. Parasite burden per each slide was determined in both studies. The shape and size of merozoites were described from blood smears taken while the dogs were alive and from different organs during necropsy. The results of all measurements were statistically analyzed. The morphology and size of merozoites from live dogs corresponded to that of previously described 'large' Babesia. The morphology and size of merozoites were significantly different (P 
doi_str_mv 10.1186/s13071-017-2412-1
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Molecular typing has subsequently revealed a more complex taxonomy for these piroplasms than previously thought. To evaluate the factors that influence the morphology of Babesia species upon microscopic examination and hence, their taxonomic classification, we performed detailed characterizations of piroplasms from archival and prospective collections of cytological samples of dogs with piroplasmosis before and after death. Merozoite morphology and time of parasite disappearance following imidocarb dipropionate was also investigated. The study was divided into a (i) review of archived cytological slides from confirmed cases of canine piroplasmosis, and (ii) a prospective study of smears and tissue imprints from 15 recently necropsied dogs. The latter group could be further sub-divided into a non-treated group and an imidocarb dipropionate-treated group. Exact times of treatment before death were reviewed. 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vectors</jtitle><addtitle>Parasit Vectors</addtitle><date>2017-10-18</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>495</spage><epage>495</epage><pages>495-495</pages><artnum>495</artnum><issn>1756-3305</issn><eissn>1756-3305</eissn><abstract>Classification of Babesia parasites has traditionally relied on morphological differentiation based on piroplasm size and shape. Molecular typing has subsequently revealed a more complex taxonomy for these piroplasms than previously thought. To evaluate the factors that influence the morphology of Babesia species upon microscopic examination and hence, their taxonomic classification, we performed detailed characterizations of piroplasms from archival and prospective collections of cytological samples of dogs with piroplasmosis before and after death. Merozoite morphology and time of parasite disappearance following imidocarb dipropionate was also investigated. The study was divided into a (i) review of archived cytological slides from confirmed cases of canine piroplasmosis, and (ii) a prospective study of smears and tissue imprints from 15 recently necropsied dogs. The latter group could be further sub-divided into a non-treated group and an imidocarb dipropionate-treated group. Exact times of treatment before death were reviewed. 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Changes in the morphology of 'large' B. canis to 'small'-like Babesia observed by light microscopy appear to represent a common postmortem change. Classification of Babesia parasites into 'large' and 'small' Babesia using only microscopy of postmortem slides should be treated with caution. PCR-based methodologies for detection and molecular typing of Babesia spp. may prove valuable for investigating suspected cases of babesiosis following necropsy.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BioMed Central Ltd</pub><pmid>29047398</pmid><doi>10.1186/s13071-017-2412-1</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Antiperspirants
Babesia
Babesia canis
Babesiosis
Blood
Body organs
Change detection
Classification
Collections
Death
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Detection
Diagnosis
Diagnostic systems
DNA
Dogs
Dosage and administration
Drug therapy
Genotyping
Influence of imidocarb dipropionate
Light microscopy
Merozoite morphology
Merozoites
Microscopy
Morphology
Mortality
Necropsy
Nucleotide sequence
Organs
Parasites
Parasitic diseases
Pathogens
PCR
Physiological aspects
Polymerase chain reaction
Postmortem cytological detection
Shape
Spleen
Statistical analysis
Statistical methods
Taxonomy
Tissue
Tissues
Tropical diseases
title Microscopic and molecular analysis of Babesia canis in archived and diagnostic specimens reveal the impact of anti-parasitic treatment and postmortem changes on pathogen detection
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