Elucidating the origin of laser-induced nonlinearities in propagation inside transparent media: a comparative numerical study of silicon and fused silica

The creation of localized bulk modification using femtosecond pulses inside semiconductors like silicon (Si) is quite challenging, whereas it is not difficult to achieve it for dielectric materials like fused silica (FS). This report addresses the fundamental origin of this issue. By taking a simple...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:JPhys photonics 2024-10, Vol.6 (4), p.45016
Main Authors: Das, Amlan, Yu, Xiaoming
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Dielectrics
Femtosecond pulses
Fluence
Fused silica
Lasers
Nonlinearity
Pulse propagation
pulse-splitting
self-focusing
Silicon
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Summary:The creation of localized bulk modification using femtosecond pulses inside semiconductors like silicon (Si) is quite challenging, whereas it is not difficult to achieve it for dielectric materials like fused silica (FS). This report addresses the fundamental origin of this issue. By taking a simple numerical approach, it has been found that in FS we can deliver stronger fluence due to self-focusing at higher power levels compared to Si. The origin for the above lies in the spatio-temporal pulse-splitting behavior, which is dominant in the case of FS at the focus, whereas, for Si, it is only effective after focus. We have also considered the influence of plasma and Kerr terms to elucidate the reason behind these nonlinearities. For the FS case, omission of Kerr term dominates, whereas, for Si, the influence of each term does not significantly create self-focusing like FS under a similar focusing condition. This study could provide an important guideline for researchers to understand the complexity of laser-matter interaction in transparent materials specifically being studied by many laser-processing industries.
ISSN:2515-7647
2515-7647
DOI:10.1088/2515-7647/ad7cb2