Peroxiredoxin, Senescence, and Cancer

Peroxiredoxins are multifunctional enzymes that play a key role in protecting cells from stresses and maintaining the homeostasis of many cellular processes. Peroxiredoxins were firstly identified as antioxidant enzymes that can be found in all living organisms. Later studies demonstrated that perox...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cells (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-05, Vol.11 (11), p.1772
Main Authors: Wu, Mengyao, Deng, Chujun, Lo, Tak-Ho, Chan, Ka-Ying, Li, Xiang, Wong, Chi-Ming
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - metabolism
Cancer
Carcinogenesis
Cell cycle
chaperone
Chemical bonds
Cyclin-dependent kinases
Enzymes
Homeostasis
Humans
Inflammation
Kinases
Molecular modelling
Neoplasms - metabolism
Oxidation
Oxidation-Reduction
oxidative defense system
Oxidative stress
Peroxidase
Peroxidase - metabolism
Peroxiredoxin
Peroxiredoxins - metabolism
Phase transitions
Protein folding
Proteins
redox signaling
Review
Senescence
Yeast
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Summary:Peroxiredoxins are multifunctional enzymes that play a key role in protecting cells from stresses and maintaining the homeostasis of many cellular processes. Peroxiredoxins were firstly identified as antioxidant enzymes that can be found in all living organisms. Later studies demonstrated that peroxiredoxins also act as redox signaling regulators, chaperones, and proinflammatory factors and play important roles in oxidative defense, redox signaling, protein folding, cycle cell progression, DNA integrity, inflammation, and carcinogenesis. The versatility of peroxiredoxins is mainly based on their unique active center cysteine with a wide range of redox states and the ability to switch between low- and high-molecular-weight species for regulating their peroxidase and chaperone activities. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of peroxiredoxin in these processes will allow the development of new approaches to enhance longevity and to treat various cancers. In this article, we briefly review the history of peroxiredoxins, summarize recent advances in our understanding of peroxiredoxins in aging- and cancer-related biological processes, and discuss the future perspectives of using peroxiredoxins in disease diagnostics and treatments.
ISSN:2073-4409
2073-4409
DOI:10.3390/cells11111772