Neoantigen-specific TCR-T cell-based immunotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia

Neoantigens derived from non-synonymous somatic mutations are restricted to malignant cells and are thus considered ideal targets for T cell receptor (TCR)-based immunotherapy. Adoptive transfer of T cells bearing neoantigen-specific TCRs exhibits the ability to preferentially target tumor cells whi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Experimental hematology & oncology 2022-11, Vol.11 (1), p.1-100, Article 100
Main Authors: Zhou, Weijun, Yu, Jinyi, Li, Yilu, Wang, Kankan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigens
Cancer
Care and treatment
Cloning
Genes
Immunotherapy
Kinases
Leukemia
Lymphocytes
Mutation
Patients
Peptides
Proteins
Review
Scientific imaging
T cell receptors
T cells
Tumor antigens
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Summary:Neoantigens derived from non-synonymous somatic mutations are restricted to malignant cells and are thus considered ideal targets for T cell receptor (TCR)-based immunotherapy. Adoptive transfer of T cells bearing neoantigen-specific TCRs exhibits the ability to preferentially target tumor cells while remaining harmless to normal cells. High-avidity TCRs specific for neoantigens expressed on AML cells have been identified in vitro and verified using xenograft mouse models. Preclinical studies of these neoantigen-specific TCR-T cells are underway and offer great promise as safe and effective therapies. Additionally, TCR-based immunotherapies targeting tumor-associated antigens are used in early-phase clinical trials for the treatment of AML and show encouraging anti-leukemic effects. These clinical experiences support the application of TCR-T cells that are specifically designed to recognize neoantigens. In this review, we will provide a detailed profile of verified neoantigens in AML, describe the strategies to identify neoantigen-specific TCRs, and discuss the potential of neoantigen-specific T-cell-based immunotherapy in AML.
ISSN:2162-3619
2162-3619
DOI:10.1186/s40164-022-00353-3