Systematic LC/MS/MS Investigations for the IND-Enabling Extended Characterization of Antibody–Drug Conjugate Modifications

We hypothesized that systematic liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry investigations of an antibody–drug conjugate (ADC), its small and large molecular components, and surrogate small-molecule conjugates might comprise a simple and efficient approach for the extended characterization of ADC...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antibodies (Basel) 2018-12, Vol.7 (4), p.40
Main Authors: Linz, Thomas, Yeo, Dominick, Hong, Qiuting, Zmolek, Wesley, McFarland, Jesse, Barfield, Robyn, Haskins, William, Rabuka, David
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ADC
Aldehydes
analytical characterization
antibody–drug conjugate
Bioconversion
biologic
Chromatography
Conjugates
Conjugation
Data analysis
Immunoglobulins
Liquid chromatography
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Metabolism
Methods
Monoclonal antibodies
Peptides
Scientific imaging
SMARTag
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Summary:We hypothesized that systematic liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry investigations of an antibody–drug conjugate (ADC), its small and large molecular components, and surrogate small-molecule conjugates might comprise a simple and efficient approach for the extended characterization of ADCs. Furthermore, we envisioned that results from this work might allow us to assign specific composition changes in the ADC based on monoisotopic mass shifts of conjugatable modifications as detected in the surrogate small-molecule conjugates. We tested our hypothesis with a case study using an aldehyde-tag-based ADC conjugated to a noncleavable linker bearing a maytansine payload. Nearly quantitative bioconversion from cysteine to formylglycine was observed in the monoclonal antibody, and bioorthogonal conjugation was detected only on the formylglycine residues in the ADC. Using our method, both conjugatable and nonconjugatable modifications were discovered in the linker/payload; however, only conjugatable modifications were observed on the ADC. Based on these results, we anticipate that our approach to systematic mass spectrometric investigations can be successfully applied to other ADCs and therapeutic bioconjugates for investigational new drug (IND)-enabling extended characterization.
ISSN:2073-4468
2073-4468
DOI:10.3390/antib7040040