Gut bacterial aromatic amine production: aromatic amino acid decarboxylase and its effects on peripheral serotonin production

Colonic luminal aromatic amines have been historically considered to be derived from dietary source, especially fermented foods; however, recent studies indicate that the gut microbiota serves as an alternative source of these amines. Herein, we show that five prominent genera of Firmicutes (Blautia...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Gut microbes 2022-12, Vol.14 (1), p.2128605
Main Authors: Sugiyama, Yuta, Mori, Yumiko, Nara, Misaki, Kotani, Yusuke, Nagai, Emiko, Kawada, Hiroki, Kitamura, Mayu, Hirano, Rika, Shimokawa, Hiromi, Nakagawa, Akira, Minami, Hiromichi, Gotoh, Aina, Sakanaka, Mikiyasu, Iida, Noriho, Koyanagi, Takashi, Katayama, Takane, Okamoto, Shigefumi, Kurihara, Shin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Aromatic amine
aromatic amino acid
aromatic amino acid decarboxylase
aromatic amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor
Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylases - genetics
Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylases - metabolism
Benserazide - pharmacology
Carbidopa
Enterococcus faecalis
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
gut microbiota
Humans
Mice
peripheral serotonin
Phenethylamines
Research Paper
Serotonin - metabolism
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Summary:Colonic luminal aromatic amines have been historically considered to be derived from dietary source, especially fermented foods; however, recent studies indicate that the gut microbiota serves as an alternative source of these amines. Herein, we show that five prominent genera of Firmicutes (Blautia, Clostridium, Enterococcus, Ruminococcus, and Tyzzerella) have the ability to abundantly produce aromatic amines through the action of aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC). In vitro cultivation of human fecal samples revealed that a significant positive correlation between aadc copy number of Ruminococcus gnavus and phenylethylamine (PEA) production. Furthermore, using genetically engineered Enterococcus faecalis-colonized BALB/cCrSlc mouse model, we showed that the gut bacterial aadc stimulates the production of colonic serotonin, which is reportedly involved in osteoporosis and irritable bowel syndrome. Finally, we showed that human AADC inhibitors carbidopa and benserazide inhibit PEA production in En. faecalis.
ISSN:1949-0976
1949-0984
DOI:10.1080/19490976.2022.2128605