Pharmacological Activities of Sulfated Fucose-Rich Polysaccharides after Oral Administration: Perspectives for the Development of New Carbohydrate-Based Drugs

Marine organisms are a source of active biomolecules with immense therapeutic and nutraceutical potential. Sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides are present in large quantities in these organisms with important pharmacological effects in several biological systems. These polysaccharides include sulfa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Marine drugs 2021-07, Vol.19 (8), p.425
Main Authors: Fonseca, Roberto J C, Mourão, Paulo A S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Oral
Animal models
Animal research
Anticancer properties
anticoagulant activity
Antineoplastic Agents - administration & dosage
Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology
Antitumor activity
Antitumour agents
Aquatic Organisms
Biological effects
Biomolecules
Carbohydrates
Cholesterol
Chondroitin sulfate
Chondroitin Sulfates - administration & dosage
Chondroitin Sulfates - pharmacology
Clinical trials
Drug development
Drug dosages
Drugs
Fucoidan
Fucose
fucosylated chondroitin sulfate
Functional foods & nutraceuticals
Humans
Immunomodulation
Lipids
Lipoproteins
Marine organisms
Oral administration
Organisms
Pharmacology
Plasma
Polysaccharides
Polysaccharides - administration & dosage
Polysaccharides - pharmacology
Review
Saccharides
sulfated fucan
sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides
Triglycerides
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Summary:Marine organisms are a source of active biomolecules with immense therapeutic and nutraceutical potential. Sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides are present in large quantities in these organisms with important pharmacological effects in several biological systems. These polysaccharides include sulfated fucan (as fucoidan) and fucosylated chondroitin sulfate. The development of these polysaccharides as new drugs involves several important steps, among them, demonstration of the effectiveness of these compounds after oral administration. The oral route is the more practical, comfortable and preferred by patients for long-term treatments. In the past 20 years, reports of various pharmacological effects of these polysaccharides orally administered in several animal experimental models and some trials in humans have sparked the possibility for the development of drugs based on sulfated polysaccharides and/or the use of these marine organisms as functional food. This review focuses on the main pharmacological effects of sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides, with an emphasis on the antidislipidemic, immunomodulatory, antitumor, hypoglycemic and hemostatic effects.
ISSN:1660-3397
1660-3397
DOI:10.3390/md19080425