Minimisation of Failure Transients in a Fail-Safe Electro-Mechanical Actuator Employed for the Flap Movables of a High-Speed Helicopter-Plane

• Published in: Aerospace 2022-09, Vol.9 (9), p.527
• Main Authors: Di Rito, Gianpietro, Kovel, Romain, Nardeschi, Marco, Borgarelli, Nicola, Luciano, Benedetto
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Actuators; Aircraft; Algorithms; Analysis; Aviation; Circuits; Control theory; Design; electro-mechanical actuators; Failure; Fault detection; Feedback control; Feedback loops; First principles; flight control; Flying-machines; health monitoring; Helicopters; modelling; Nested loops; Parameter identification; Power electronics; Simulation; Simulation methods; Stiffness; Temperature effects; testing
• ISSN: 2226-4310; 2226-4310
• DOI: 10.3390/aerospace9090527

The work deals with the model-based characterization of the failure transients of a fail-safe rotary EMA developed by Umbragroup (Italy) for the flap movables of the RACER helicopter-plane by Airbus Helicopters (France). Since the reference application requires quasi-static position-tracking with high disturbance-rejection capability, the attention is focused on control hardover faults which determine an actuator runaway from the commanded setpoint. To perform the study, a high-fidelity nonlinear model of the EMA is developed from physical first principles and the main features of health-monitoring and closed-loop control functions (integrating the conventional nested loops architecture with a deformation feedback loop enhancing the actuator stiffness) are presented. The EMA model is then validated with experiments by identifying its parameters by ad-hoc tests. Simulation results are finally proposed to characterize the failure transients in worst case scenarios by highlighting the importance of using a specifically designed back-electromotive damper circuitry into the EMA power electronics to limit the position deviation after the fault detection.