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Effects of Foaming and Drainage Behavior on Structure and Properties of Polyurethane/Water Glass (PU/WG) Grouting Materials for Coal Mines
During the grouting operation in the underground coal mine, abnormal curing behaviors such as foaming and drainage often lead to the loss of reinforcement effect of the polyurethane/water glass (PU/WG) materials on coal walls and even cause safety accidents. Herein, three kinds of PU/WG grouting mat...
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description | During the grouting operation in the underground coal mine, abnormal curing behaviors such as foaming and drainage often lead to the loss of reinforcement effect of the polyurethane/water glass (PU/WG) materials on coal walls and even cause safety accidents. Herein, three kinds of PU/WG grouting materials were successfully prepared by changing the type of catalysts, which were the normal sample (C7), the foaming sample (C14), and the sample with drainage (C17) during curing. The structure, thermal stability, and compressive strength of the three samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and pressure testing machine. The results showed that the abnormal curing behavior had little effect on the thermal stability of the material, but it had a significant effect on the microstructure and compressive strength of the consolidated body. C7 exhibited a typical three-phase distribution, in which the polysilicate microspheres encapsulated by acicular carbonate were embedded in the polymer continuum. The structure of C7 had high rigidity and hardness, and the compressive strength was up to 43 MPa. The three-phase structure of C14 disappeared gradually with the increase of catalyst content, the hard block material and matrix are porous, and the compressive strength was only 2.7 MPa. The organic polymer of C17 existed in the form of microsphere and distributed irregularly in the continuum composed of inorganic components, and the compressive strength was 4.9 MPa. The abnormal solidification behavior such as foaming and drainage made the water glass/polyurethane material lose its basic mechanical properties, which cannot meet the needs of grouting reinforcement in coal mines. Therefore, the type of catalyst had a significant impact on the stability of the system, and it is necessary to avoid selecting catalysts that are likely to cause abnormal solidification during formulation research. |
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Herein, three kinds of PU/WG grouting materials were successfully prepared by changing the type of catalysts, which were the normal sample (C7), the foaming sample (C14), and the sample with drainage (C17) during curing. The structure, thermal stability, and compressive strength of the three samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and pressure testing machine. The results showed that the abnormal curing behavior had little effect on the thermal stability of the material, but it had a significant effect on the microstructure and compressive strength of the consolidated body. C7 exhibited a typical three-phase distribution, in which the polysilicate microspheres encapsulated by acicular carbonate were embedded in the polymer continuum. The structure of C7 had high rigidity and hardness, and the compressive strength was up to 43 MPa. The three-phase structure of C14 disappeared gradually with the increase of catalyst content, the hard block material and matrix are porous, and the compressive strength was only 2.7 MPa. The organic polymer of C17 existed in the form of microsphere and distributed irregularly in the continuum composed of inorganic components, and the compressive strength was 4.9 MPa. The abnormal solidification behavior such as foaming and drainage made the water glass/polyurethane material lose its basic mechanical properties, which cannot meet the needs of grouting reinforcement in coal mines. Therefore, the type of catalyst had a significant impact on the stability of the system, and it is necessary to avoid selecting catalysts that are likely to cause abnormal solidification during formulation research.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1687-8086</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1687-8094</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2021/5868654</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Hindawi</publisher><subject>Acicular structure ; Catalysts ; Civil engineering ; Coal mines ; Coal mining ; Composite materials ; Compressive strength ; Curing ; Differential thermal analysis ; Differential thermogravimetric analysis ; Drainage ; Epoxy resins ; Foaming ; Grouting ; Mechanical properties ; Microspheres ; Mines ; Phase distribution ; Phase transitions ; Photoelectrons ; Polymers ; Polyurethane resins ; Porous materials ; Porous media ; Rigidity ; Solid phases ; Solidification ; Spectroscopy ; Structural stability ; Thermal analysis ; Thermal stability ; Thermogravimetry ; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy ; X-ray diffraction</subject><ispartof>Advances in civil engineering, 2021, Vol.2021 (1)</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2021 Xiaofeng Yu et al.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 Xiaofeng Yu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c555t-8b8a05c2f132aaaa787eb186a1a90010c52381f5be4d0d07aff0d7c3a5b2f33e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c555t-8b8a05c2f132aaaa787eb186a1a90010c52381f5be4d0d07aff0d7c3a5b2f33e3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3029-4906</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2554887751/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2554887751?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,4024,25753,27923,27924,27925,37012,44590,75126</link.rule.ids></links><search><contributor>Diab, Aboelkasim</contributor><contributor>Aboelkasim Diab</contributor><creatorcontrib>Yu, Xiaofeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Lizong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yuchao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bai, Guangfeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yu</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of Foaming and Drainage Behavior on Structure and Properties of Polyurethane/Water Glass (PU/WG) Grouting Materials for Coal Mines</title><title>Advances in civil engineering</title><description>During the grouting operation in the underground coal mine, abnormal curing behaviors such as foaming and drainage often lead to the loss of reinforcement effect of the polyurethane/water glass (PU/WG) materials on coal walls and even cause safety accidents. Herein, three kinds of PU/WG grouting materials were successfully prepared by changing the type of catalysts, which were the normal sample (C7), the foaming sample (C14), and the sample with drainage (C17) during curing. The structure, thermal stability, and compressive strength of the three samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and pressure testing machine. The results showed that the abnormal curing behavior had little effect on the thermal stability of the material, but it had a significant effect on the microstructure and compressive strength of the consolidated body. C7 exhibited a typical three-phase distribution, in which the polysilicate microspheres encapsulated by acicular carbonate were embedded in the polymer continuum. The structure of C7 had high rigidity and hardness, and the compressive strength was up to 43 MPa. The three-phase structure of C14 disappeared gradually with the increase of catalyst content, the hard block material and matrix are porous, and the compressive strength was only 2.7 MPa. The organic polymer of C17 existed in the form of microsphere and distributed irregularly in the continuum composed of inorganic components, and the compressive strength was 4.9 MPa. The abnormal solidification behavior such as foaming and drainage made the water glass/polyurethane material lose its basic mechanical properties, which cannot meet the needs of grouting reinforcement in coal mines. Therefore, the type of catalyst had a significant impact on the stability of the system, and it is necessary to avoid selecting catalysts that are likely to cause abnormal solidification during formulation research.</description><subject>Acicular structure</subject><subject>Catalysts</subject><subject>Civil engineering</subject><subject>Coal mines</subject><subject>Coal mining</subject><subject>Composite materials</subject><subject>Compressive strength</subject><subject>Curing</subject><subject>Differential thermal analysis</subject><subject>Differential thermogravimetric analysis</subject><subject>Drainage</subject><subject>Epoxy resins</subject><subject>Foaming</subject><subject>Grouting</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Microspheres</subject><subject>Mines</subject><subject>Phase distribution</subject><subject>Phase transitions</subject><subject>Photoelectrons</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>Polyurethane resins</subject><subject>Porous materials</subject><subject>Porous media</subject><subject>Rigidity</subject><subject>Solid phases</subject><subject>Solidification</subject><subject>Spectroscopy</subject><subject>Structural stability</subject><subject>Thermal analysis</subject><subject>Thermal stability</subject><subject>Thermogravimetry</subject><subject>X ray photoelectron spectroscopy</subject><subject>X-ray diffraction</subject><issn>1687-8086</issn><issn>1687-8094</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kcFOGzEQhlcVlYqAWx_AUi-taIjttdfOsQQISKBGahFHa3Y9ToyWdbC9rXiFPjVOgjjWF1szn7-x9VfVZ0bPGJNyyilnU6kb3UjxoTpkjVYTTWfi4P2sm0_VSUq-pUIorjlnh9W_S-ewy4kER64CPPlhRWCw5CKCH2CF5BzX8MeHSMJAfuU4dnmMuEOWMWwwZo-7y8vQv5ROXsOA0wfIGMmih5TI1-X99GHxjSxiGPNWf7dteugTcUU7D9CTOz9gOq4-ulLFk7f9qLq_uvw9v57c_lzczH_cTjopZZ7oVgOVHXes5lCW0gpbphtgMKOU0U7yWjMnWxSWWqrAOWpVV4NsuatrrI-qm73XBng0m-ifIL6YAN7sCiGuDJRvdT2aRlhmG7DoUAlgdKY0ykaoItdacVpcX_auTQzPI6ZsHsMYh_J8w6UUBVKSFer7nupiSCmie5_KqNmGZ7bhmbfwCn66x9d-sPDX_59-BVdnmOs</recordid><startdate>2021</startdate><enddate>2021</enddate><creator>Yu, Xiaofeng</creator><creator>Liu, Lizong</creator><creator>Wang, Yuchao</creator><creator>Bai, Guangfeng</creator><creator>Zhang, Yu</creator><general>Hindawi</general><general>Hindawi Limited</general><scope>RHU</scope><scope>RHW</scope><scope>RHX</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CWDGH</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-4906</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>2021</creationdate><title>Effects of Foaming and Drainage Behavior on Structure and Properties of Polyurethane/Water Glass (PU/WG) Grouting Materials for Coal Mines</title><author>Yu, Xiaofeng ; Liu, Lizong ; Wang, Yuchao ; Bai, Guangfeng ; Zhang, Yu</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c555t-8b8a05c2f132aaaa787eb186a1a90010c52381f5be4d0d07aff0d7c3a5b2f33e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Acicular structure</topic><topic>Catalysts</topic><topic>Civil engineering</topic><topic>Coal mines</topic><topic>Coal mining</topic><topic>Composite materials</topic><topic>Compressive strength</topic><topic>Curing</topic><topic>Differential thermal analysis</topic><topic>Differential thermogravimetric analysis</topic><topic>Drainage</topic><topic>Epoxy resins</topic><topic>Foaming</topic><topic>Grouting</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Microspheres</topic><topic>Mines</topic><topic>Phase distribution</topic><topic>Phase transitions</topic><topic>Photoelectrons</topic><topic>Polymers</topic><topic>Polyurethane resins</topic><topic>Porous materials</topic><topic>Porous media</topic><topic>Rigidity</topic><topic>Solid phases</topic><topic>Solidification</topic><topic>Spectroscopy</topic><topic>Structural stability</topic><topic>Thermal analysis</topic><topic>Thermal stability</topic><topic>Thermogravimetry</topic><topic>X ray photoelectron spectroscopy</topic><topic>X-ray diffraction</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yu, Xiaofeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Lizong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yuchao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bai, Guangfeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yu</creatorcontrib><collection>Hindawi Publishing Complete</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Subscription Journals</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Open Access</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Middle East & Africa Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Publicly Available Content database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering collection</collection><collection>Open Access: DOAJ - Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Advances in civil engineering</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yu, Xiaofeng</au><au>Liu, Lizong</au><au>Wang, Yuchao</au><au>Bai, Guangfeng</au><au>Zhang, Yu</au><au>Diab, Aboelkasim</au><au>Aboelkasim Diab</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of Foaming and Drainage Behavior on Structure and Properties of Polyurethane/Water Glass (PU/WG) Grouting Materials for Coal Mines</atitle><jtitle>Advances in civil engineering</jtitle><date>2021</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>2021</volume><issue>1</issue><issn>1687-8086</issn><eissn>1687-8094</eissn><abstract>During the grouting operation in the underground coal mine, abnormal curing behaviors such as foaming and drainage often lead to the loss of reinforcement effect of the polyurethane/water glass (PU/WG) materials on coal walls and even cause safety accidents. Herein, three kinds of PU/WG grouting materials were successfully prepared by changing the type of catalysts, which were the normal sample (C7), the foaming sample (C14), and the sample with drainage (C17) during curing. The structure, thermal stability, and compressive strength of the three samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and pressure testing machine. The results showed that the abnormal curing behavior had little effect on the thermal stability of the material, but it had a significant effect on the microstructure and compressive strength of the consolidated body. C7 exhibited a typical three-phase distribution, in which the polysilicate microspheres encapsulated by acicular carbonate were embedded in the polymer continuum. The structure of C7 had high rigidity and hardness, and the compressive strength was up to 43 MPa. The three-phase structure of C14 disappeared gradually with the increase of catalyst content, the hard block material and matrix are porous, and the compressive strength was only 2.7 MPa. The organic polymer of C17 existed in the form of microsphere and distributed irregularly in the continuum composed of inorganic components, and the compressive strength was 4.9 MPa. The abnormal solidification behavior such as foaming and drainage made the water glass/polyurethane material lose its basic mechanical properties, which cannot meet the needs of grouting reinforcement in coal mines. Therefore, the type of catalyst had a significant impact on the stability of the system, and it is necessary to avoid selecting catalysts that are likely to cause abnormal solidification during formulation research.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Hindawi</pub><doi>10.1155/2021/5868654</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3029-4906</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Acicular structure Catalysts Civil engineering Coal mines Coal mining Composite materials Compressive strength Curing Differential thermal analysis Differential thermogravimetric analysis Drainage Epoxy resins Foaming Grouting Mechanical properties Microspheres Mines Phase distribution Phase transitions Photoelectrons Polymers Polyurethane resins Porous materials Porous media Rigidity Solid phases Solidification Spectroscopy Structural stability Thermal analysis Thermal stability Thermogravimetry X ray photoelectron spectroscopy X-ray diffraction |
title | Effects of Foaming and Drainage Behavior on Structure and Properties of Polyurethane/Water Glass (PU/WG) Grouting Materials for Coal Mines |
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