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Glymphatic system clearance and Alzheimer's disease risk: a CSF proteome-wide study

The emerging evidence of the role of the glymphatic system (GS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) provides new opportunities for intervention from the earliest stages of the disease. The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of GS in AD to identify new disease biomarkers. We performed a two-st...

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Published in:Alzheimer's research & therapy 2025-01, Vol.17 (1), p.31-13, Article 31
Main Authors: Cullell, Natalia, Caruana, Giovanni, Elias-Mas, Andrea, Delgado-Sanchez, Ariane, Artero, Cristina, Buongiorno, Maria Teresa, Almería, Marta, Ray, Nicola J, Correa, Sonia A L, Krupinski, Jerzy
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container_title Alzheimer's research & therapy
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creator Cullell, Natalia
Caruana, Giovanni
Elias-Mas, Andrea
Delgado-Sanchez, Ariane
Artero, Cristina
Buongiorno, Maria Teresa
Almería, Marta
Ray, Nicola J
Correa, Sonia A L
Krupinski, Jerzy
description The emerging evidence of the role of the glymphatic system (GS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) provides new opportunities for intervention from the earliest stages of the disease. The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of GS in AD to identify new disease biomarkers. We performed a two-stage proteomic study to evaluate the GS health using intravenous gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) with serial T1 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). In Stage 1 (evaluated in the Cohort 1 of aMCI participants (n = 11)), we correlated the levels of 7K cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins (estimated by SOMAscan) with GS health in 78 Freesurfer-segmented brain regions of interest (ROIs). A total of seven different proteins were significantly associated with GS health (p-value 
doi_str_mv 10.1186/s13195-024-01612-7
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In Stage 2, we validated these proteomic results in a new cohort of aMCI participants (with and without evidence of AD pathology in CSF (aMCI(-) and aMCI/AD( +); n = 22 and 7, respectively) and healthy controls (n = 10). Proteomic prediction models were generated in each ROI. These were compared with demographic-only models for identifying participants with aMCI(-) and aMCI/AD( +) vs controls. This analysis was repeated to determine if the models could identify those with aMCI/AD( +) from both aMCI(-) and controls. The proteomic models were found to outperform the demographic-only models. 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The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of GS in AD to identify new disease biomarkers. We performed a two-stage proteomic study to evaluate the GS health using intravenous gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) with serial T1 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). In Stage 1 (evaluated in the Cohort 1 of aMCI participants (n = 11)), we correlated the levels of 7K cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins (estimated by SOMAscan) with GS health in 78 Freesurfer-segmented brain regions of interest (ROIs). A total of seven different proteins were significantly associated with GS health (p-value &lt; 6.4 × 10 ). The stronger correlations were identified for NSUN6, GRAAK, OLFML3, ACTN2, RUXF, SHPS1 and TIM-4. A pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the proteins associated with GS health were mainly implicated in neurodegenerative processes, immunity and inflammation. In Stage 2, we validated these proteomic results in a new cohort of aMCI participants (with and without evidence of AD pathology in CSF (aMCI(-) and aMCI/AD( +); n = 22 and 7, respectively) and healthy controls (n = 10). Proteomic prediction models were generated in each ROI. These were compared with demographic-only models for identifying participants with aMCI(-) and aMCI/AD( +) vs controls. This analysis was repeated to determine if the models could identify those with aMCI/AD( +) from both aMCI(-) and controls. The proteomic models were found to outperform the demographic-only models. Our study identifies proteins linked with GS health and involved the immune system in aMCI participants.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BioMed Central Ltd</pub><pmid>39891246</pmid><doi>10.1186/s13195-024-01612-7</doi><tpages>13</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Alzheimer Disease - cerebrospinal fluid
Alzheimer's disease
Analysis
Biomarkers - cerebrospinal fluid
Brain - diagnostic imaging
Brain - metabolism
Brain - pathology
Cerebrospinal fluid
Cognitive Dysfunction - cerebrospinal fluid
Cohort Studies
Development and progression
Female
Glymphatic System
Health aspects
Humans
Inflammation
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Middle Aged
Mild cognitive impairment
MRI
Proteome - metabolism
Proteomics
Proteomics - methods
Risk factors
title Glymphatic system clearance and Alzheimer's disease risk: a CSF proteome-wide study
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