The Role of the γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Plant Salt Stress Tolerance

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid that accumulates in many plant species in response to environmental stress. A number of reverse-genetic experiments and omics analyses have revealed positive relationships between GABA levels and tolerance to stresses. Furthermore, the applicati...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Horticulturae 2023-02, Vol.9 (2), p.230
Main Authors: Dabravolski, Siarhei A, Isayenkov, Stanislav V
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abiotic stress
Adaptation
Amino acids
Barley
Biosynthesis
Defense mechanisms
Energy consumption
Environmental aspects
Environmental conditions
Environmental stress
Enzymes
GABA
Genetic analysis
Genetic aspects
Genetic engineering
Homeostasis
membrane stability
Metabolism
Metabolites
Molecular modelling
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Plant growth
Plant hormones
Plant species
Polyamines
Productivity
ROS levels
Salinity
Salinity tolerance
Salt
salt stress
Salt stress (Botany)
salt tolerance
Salts
Signal transduction
Stresses
γ-Aminobutyric acid
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Summary:γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid that accumulates in many plant species in response to environmental stress. A number of reverse-genetic experiments and omics analyses have revealed positive relationships between GABA levels and tolerance to stresses. Furthermore, the application of exogenous GABA has been demonstrated to effectively reduce ROS levels, enhance membrane stability and modulate phytohormones cross-talk, thus improving tolerance against multiple stresses. However, molecular mechanisms regulating GABA homeostasis and physiological functions in plants remain largely unclear. In this review, we focus on the recent achievements in deciphering the role of genetic manipulations to modulate endogenous GABA levels and the exogenous application of GABA and associated metabolites to improve tolerance to salt stress. Finally, we discuss the role of GABA in the regulation of ion homeostasis in high-salinity conditions. These findings have laid the groundwork for future studies to explore the genetic, physiological, and molecular mechanisms of GABA-mediated improvements in plant productivity under high-salt environmental conditions.
ISSN:2311-7524
2311-7524
DOI:10.3390/horticulturae9020230