Framework for Intelligent Swimming Analytics with Wearable Sensors for Stroke Classification

• Published in: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-07, Vol.21 (15), p.5162
• Main Authors: Costa, Joana, Silva, Catarina, Santos, Miguel, Fernandes, Telmo, Faria, Sérgio
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Athletes; Biosensors; Classification; Coaches & managers; Communication; Cutting wear; data acquisition; ensemble methods; feature representation; Heart rate; Intelligent systems; Machine learning; Monitoring systems; Oximetry; Pattern recognition; Physiology; R&D; Real time; Research & development; sensor data representation; Sensors; Signal processing; Sports; Swimming; Swimming pools; Wearable computers; wearable sensors; Wearable technology; Wireless communications
• ISSN: 1424-8220; 1424-8220
• DOI: 10.3390/s21155162

Intelligent approaches in sports using IoT devices to gather data, attempting to optimize athlete’s training and performance, are cutting edge research. Synergies between recent wearable hardware and wireless communication strategies, together with the advances in intelligent algorithms, which are able to perform online pattern recognition and classification with seamless results, are at the front line of high-performance sports coaching. In this work, an intelligent data analytics system for swimmer performance is proposed. The system includes (i) pre-processing of raw signals; (ii) feature representation of wearable sensors and biosensors; (iii) online recognition of the swimming style and turns; and (iv) post-analysis of the performance for coaching decision support, including stroke counting and average speed. The system is supported by wearable inertial (AHRS) and biosensors (heart rate and pulse oximetry) placed on a swimmer’s body. Radio-frequency links are employed to communicate with the heart rate sensor and the station in the vicinity of the swimming pool, where analytics is carried out. Experiments were carried out in a real training setup, including 10 athletes aged 15 to 17 years. This scenario resulted in a set of circa 8000 samples. The experimental results show that the proposed system for intelligent swimming analytics with wearable sensors effectively yields immediate feedback to coaches and swimmers based on real-time data analysis. The best result was achieved with a Random Forest classifier with a macro-averaged F1 of 95.02%. The benefit of the proposed framework was demonstrated by effectively supporting coaches while monitoring the training of several swimmers.