Effect of Dietary Protein and Processing on Gut Microbiota-A Systematic Review

The effect of diet on the composition of gut microbiota and the consequent impact on disease risk have been of expanding interest. The present review focuses on current insights of changes associated with dietary protein-induced gut microbial populations and examines their potential roles in the met...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2022-01, Vol.14 (3), p.453
Main Authors: Wu, Shujian, Bhat, Zuhaib F, Gounder, Rochelle S, Mohamed Ahmed, Isam A, Al-Juhaimi, Fahad Y, Ding, Yu, Bekhit, Alaa E-D A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal diseases
Animals
Bacteria
Bibliometrics
Bioavailability
Carbohydrates
Citation management software
Classification
Composition
Diet
dietary protein
Dietary Proteins - metabolism
Dietary Proteins - pharmacology
Digestibility
Disease
Fermentation
Food Handling
Food processing
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology
Gene expression
Glycosylation
gut microbiota
health
Health risks
influence
Intestinal microflora
Literature reviews
Meta-analysis
Metabolism
Metabolites
Mice
Microbiota
Microorganisms
Nutrient content
Oxidation
Physiology
Polypeptides
Population
processing
Protein composition
Proteins
Rats
Review
Reviews
Swine
Systematic review
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Summary:The effect of diet on the composition of gut microbiota and the consequent impact on disease risk have been of expanding interest. The present review focuses on current insights of changes associated with dietary protein-induced gut microbial populations and examines their potential roles in the metabolism, health, and disease of animals. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol was used, and 29 highly relevant articles were obtained, which included 6 mouse studies, 7 pig studies, 15 rat studies, and 1 in vitro study. Analysis of these studies indicated that several factors, such as protein source, protein content, dietary composition (such as carbohydrate content), glycation of protein, processing factors, and protein oxidation, affect the digestibility and bioavailability of dietary proteins. These factors can influence protein fermentation, absorption, and functional properties in the gut and, consequently, impact the composition of gut microbiota and affect human health. While gut microbiota can release metabolites that can affect host physiology either positively or negatively, the selection of quality of protein and suitable food processing conditions are important to have a positive effect of dietary protein on gut microbiota and human health.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu14030453