Roles of Gut Microbiome in Bone Homeostasis and Its Relationship with Bone-Related Diseases

The extended microbial genome-the gut microbiome (GM)-plays a significant role in host health and disease. It is able to influence a number of physiological functions. During dysbiosis, GM is associated with the development of various chronic diseases with impaired bone quality. In general, GM is im...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biology (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-09, Vol.11 (10), p.1402
Main Authors: Zemanova, Nina, Omelka, Radoslav, Mondockova, Vladimira, Kovacova, Veronika, Martiniakova, Monika
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Antibiotics
Bacteria
Bile
Bone cancer
Bone composition
bone homeostasis
Bone marrow
Bone turnover
Calcium absorption
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Diet
Dietary supplements
Disease
Dysbacteriosis
Fatty acids
Genomes
gut microbiome
Homeostasis
Immune system
Intestinal microflora
Metabolism
Metabolites
Microbiomes
Microbiota
Microorganisms
Nervous system
Obesity
Osteoarthritis
Osteoporosis
Pathogens
Physiology
Probiotics
Review
Rheumatoid arthritis
Vagina
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Summary:The extended microbial genome-the gut microbiome (GM)-plays a significant role in host health and disease. It is able to influence a number of physiological functions. During dysbiosis, GM is associated with the development of various chronic diseases with impaired bone quality. In general, GM is important for bone homeostasis and can affect it via several mechanisms. This review describes the roles of GM in bone homeostasis through influencing the immune and endocrine functions, short-chain fatty acids production, calcium absorption and the gut-brain axis. The relationship between GM composition and several bone-related diseases, specifically osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, obesity and bone cancer, is also highlighted and summarized. GM manipulation may become a future adjuvant therapy in the prevention of many chronic diseases. Therefore, the beneficial effects of probiotic therapy to improve the health status of individuals with aforementioned diseases are provided, but further studies are needed to clearly confirm its effectiveness. Recent evidence suggests that GM is responsible for direct and indirect effects on drug efficacy. Accordingly, various GM alterations and interactions related to the treatment of bone-related diseases are mentioned as well.
ISSN:2079-7737
2079-7737
DOI:10.3390/biology11101402