Interleukins IL33/ST2 and IL1-β in Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Seropositivity of Anti- Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies

• Published in: Microorganisms (Basel) 2024-07, Vol.12 (7), p.1420
• Main Authors: Franco-De León, Karen, Camarena, Eva Elizabeth, Pereira-Suárez, Ana Laura, Barrios-Prieto, Ernesto, Soto-Venegas, Andrea, Hernández-Nazara, Zamira Helena, Luna Rojas, Yithzel Guadalupe, Galván-Ramírez, María de la Luz
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antibodies; Antigens; Biomarkers; Chi-square test; Congenital infection; Correlation coefficient; Correlation coefficients; Cytokines; Cytotoxicity; Damage; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Enzymes; Epilepsy; Fetuses; IL-1β; IL-33; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Infections; Interleukins; intrauterine growth restriction; Kinases; Lymphocytes; Microorganisms; Miscarriage; Parasites; Pregnancy; Premature labor; Proteins; Protozoa; Recurrent infection; Risk analysis; Risk factors; Serum levels; Signal transduction; Statistical analysis; Toxoplasma; Toxoplasma gondii; Toxoplasmosis
• ISSN: 2076-2607; 2076-2607
• DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071420

( ) is the causal agent of toxoplasmosis. It may produce severe damage in immunocompromised individuals, as well as congenital infection and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Previous reports have associated interleukin IL-33 with miscarriage, fetal damage, and premature delivery due to infections with various microorganisms. However, IL-33 has not been associated with congenital toxoplasmosis. The sST2 receptor has been reported in patients who have had recurrent miscarriages. On the other hand, IL-1β was not found in acute infection. Our aim was to analyze the associations between the serum levels of IL-33 and IL-1β in IUGR and toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. Eighty-four serum samples from pregnant women who had undergone 26 weeks of gestation were grouped as follows: with anti- antibodies, without anti- antibodies, IUGR, and the control group. IgG and IgM anti- antibodies, as well as IL-33, ST2, and IL-1β, were determined using an ELISA assay. Statistical analyses were performed using the Pearson and Chi-square correlation coefficients, as well as the risk factors and Odds Ratios (ORs), with a confidence interval of 95% (CI 95). The results showed that 15/84 (17.8%) of cases were positive for IgG anti- antibodies and 2/84 (2.38%) of cases were positive for IgM. A statistically significant difference was found between IUGR and IL-33 ( < 0.001), as well as between ST2 and IUGR ( < 0.001). In conclusion, IUGR was significantly associated with IL-33 and ST2 positivity based on the overall IUGR grade. No significant association was found between IUGR and the presence of anti- antibodies. There was no association between IL-1β and IUGR. More research is needed to strengthen the utility of IL-33 and ST2 as biomarkers of IUGR.