Basiliximab Treatment for Patients With Steroid-Refractory Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease Following Matched Sibling Donor Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

• Published in: Cell transplantation 2024-01, Vol.33, p.9636897241257568-9636897241257568
• Main Authors: Jiang, Xin-Ya, Zhang, Xiao-Hui, Xu, Lan-Ping, Wang, Yu, Yan, Chen-Hua, Chen, Huan, Chen, Yu-Hong, Han, Wei, Wang, Feng-Rong, Wang, Jing-Zhi, Sun, Yu-Qian, Mo, Xiao-Dong, Huang, Xiao-Jun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal - therapeutic use; Basiliximab - therapeutic use; Child; Comorbidity; Female; Graft versus host disease; Graft vs Host Disease - drug therapy; Graft-versus-host reaction; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - adverse effects; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - methods; Hematopoietic stem cells; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents - therapeutic use; Male; Middle Aged; Original; Recombinant Fusion Proteins - therapeutic use; Retrospective Studies; Siblings; Stem cell transplantation; Steroids; Steroids - therapeutic use; Tissue Donors; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0963-6897; 1555-3892
• DOI: 10.1177/09636897241257568

Basiliximab is an important treatment for steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease (SR-aGVHD). We performed this retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of basiliximab treatment in SR-aGVHD patients following matched sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (MSD-HSCT) (n = 63). Overall response rate (ORR) was 63.5% and 54% at any time and at day 28 after basiliximab treatment. Grade III–IV aGVHD before basiliximab treatment predicted a poor ORR after basiliximab treatment. The rates of virus, bacteria, and fungi infections were 54%, 23.8%, and 3.1%, respectively. With a median follow-up of 730 (range, 67–3,042) days, the 1-year probability of overall survival and disease-free survival after basiliximab treatment were 58.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 47.6%–72.2%) and 55.4% (95% CI = 44.3%–69.2%), respectively. The 3-year cumulative incidence of relapse and non-relapse mortality after basiliximab treatment were 18.9% (95% CI = 8.3%–29.5%) and 33.8% (95% CI = 21.8%–45.7%), respectively. Comorbidities burden before allo-HSCT, severity of aGVHD and liver aGVHD before basiliximab treatment showed negative influences on survival. Thus, basiliximab was safe and effective treatment for SR-aGVHD following MSD-HSCT.