The role of m6A modification in the biological functions and diseases

N 6 -methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent, abundant and conserved internal cotranscriptional modification in eukaryotic RNAs, especially within higher eukaryotic cells. m6A modification is modified by the m6A methyltransferases, or writers, such as METTL3/14/16, RBM15/15B, ZC3H3, VIRMA, CBLL1...

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Published in:Signal transduction and targeted therapy 2021-02, Vol.6 (1), p.74-74, Article 74
Main Authors: Jiang, Xiulin, Liu, Baiyang, Nie, Zhi, Duan, Lincan, Xiong, Qiuxia, Jin, Zhixian, Yang, Cuiping, Chen, Yongbin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/337
631/67
Adenosine - analogs & derivatives
Adenosine - genetics
Cancer Research
Cell Biology
Epigenesis, Genetic
Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Group A-B - genetics
Humans
Internal Medicine
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Methylation
Methyltransferases - genetics
Neoplasms - genetics
Nerve Tissue Proteins - genetics
Oncology
Pathology
Physiology
Review
Review Article
RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional - genetics
RNA Splicing Factors - genetics
RNA-Binding Proteins - genetics
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Summary:N 6 -methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent, abundant and conserved internal cotranscriptional modification in eukaryotic RNAs, especially within higher eukaryotic cells. m6A modification is modified by the m6A methyltransferases, or writers, such as METTL3/14/16, RBM15/15B, ZC3H3, VIRMA, CBLL1, WTAP, and KIAA1429, and, removed by the demethylases, or erasers, including FTO and ALKBH5. It is recognized by m6A-binding proteins YTHDF1/2/3, YTHDC1/2 IGF2BP1/2/3 and HNRNPA2B1, also known as “readers”. Recent studies have shown that m6A RNA modification plays essential role in both physiological and pathological conditions, especially in the initiation and progression of different types of human cancers. In this review, we discuss how m6A RNA methylation influences both the physiological and pathological progressions of hematopoietic, central nervous and reproductive systems. We will mainly focus on recent progress in identifying the biological functions and the underlying molecular mechanisms of m6A RNA methylation, its regulators and downstream target genes, during cancer progression in above systems. We propose that m6A RNA methylation process offer potential targets for cancer therapy in the future.
ISSN:2059-3635
2095-9907
2059-3635
DOI:10.1038/s41392-020-00450-x