Antioxidant, Anti-tyrosinase, Anti-α-amylase, and Cytotoxic Potentials of the Invasive Weed Andropogon virginicus

• Published in: Plants (Basel) 2020-12, Vol.10 (1), p.69
• Main Authors: Anh, La Hoang, Quan, Nguyen Van, Lam, Vu Quang, Iuchi, Yu, Takami, Akiyoshi, Teschke, Rolf, Xuan, Tran Dang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetic acid; Aging; Agricultural production; Agronomy; Amylases; Andropogon virginicus; anti-chronic myeloid leukemia; anti-diabetes; Antioxidants; Butanol; Butylated hydroxytoluene; Cancer; Chromatography; Chronic illnesses; Chronic myeloid leukemia; Cytotoxicity; Diabetes; Enzymes; Ethyl acetate; Flavonoids; Flowers & plants; Gallic acid; Gas chromatography; Hexanes; High performance liquid chromatography; Invasive plants; Invasiveness; Ionization; Leukemia; Lipid peroxidation; Lipids; Liquid chromatography; Liquid phases; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Myeloid leukemia; Oxidative stress; Palmitic acid; Peroxidation; Phenolic compounds; Phenols; Phytochemicals; Phytol; Rutin; Scientific imaging; Skin; Spectroscopy; Tyrosinase; tyrosinase inhibitor; α-Amylase; α-amylase inhibitor
• ISSN: 2223-7747; 2223-7747
• DOI: 10.3390/plants10010069

is an invasive weed that seriously threatens agricultural production and economics worldwide. In this research, dried aerial parts of were extracted, applying Soxhlet and liquid-liquid phase methods to acquire the total crude (T-Anvi), hexane (H-Anvi), ethyl acetate (E-Anvi), butanol (B-Anvi), and water (W-Anvi) extracts, respectively. In which, T-Anvi contains the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents (24.80 mg gallic acid and 37.40 mg rutin equivalents per g dry weight, respectively). Via anti-radical (ABTS and DPPH), and reducing power assays, E-Anvi exhibits the most potent activities (IC = 13.96, 43.59 and 124.11 µg/mL, respectively), stronger than butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), a standard antioxidant, while the lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect of E-Anvi (LPI = 90.85% at the concentration of 500 µg/mL) is close to BHT. E-Anvi shows the most substantial inhibition (IC = 2.58 mg/mL) on tyrosinase. Notably, α-amylase is significantly suppressed by H-Anvi (IC = 0.72 mg/mL), over twice stronger than the positive control, palmitic acid. In the cytotoxic assay, E-Anvi is the strongest extract inhibiting K562 cells (IC = 112.01 µg/mL). Meanwhile, T-Anvi shows the highest prevention on Meg-01 expansion (IC = 91.40 µg/mL). Dominant compounds detected in E-Anvi by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) are identified as flavonoids. However, among four major compounds identified in H-Anvi by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), palmitic acid and phytol are the most abundant compounds with peak areas of 27.97% and 16.42%, respectively. In essence, this is the first report describing that is a potential natural source of antioxidants, tyrosinase and α-amylase inhibitors, and anti-chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) agents which may be useful in future therapeutics as promising alternative medicines.