Non-Fullerene Small Molecule Electron-Transporting Materials for Efficient p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cells

PC61BM is commonly used in perovskite solar cells (PSC) as the electron transport material (ETM). However, PC61BM film has various disadvantages, such as its low coverage or the many pinholes that appear due to its aggregation behavior. These faults may lead to undesirable direct contact between the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2020-05, Vol.10 (6), p.1082
Main Authors: Choi, Da-Seul, Kwon, Sung-Nam
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aggregation behavior
Atomic force microscopy
charge extraction and recombination
Efficiency
Electrodes
Electron transport
electron transporting layer
Emission analysis
Emission measurements
Energy
Field emission microscopy
Fullerenes
lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level
Microscopy
non-fullerene small molecules
perovskite solar cells
Perovskites
Photoluminescence
Photons
Photovoltaic cells
Pinholes
Recombination
Scanning electron microscopy
Solar cells
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Summary:PC61BM is commonly used in perovskite solar cells (PSC) as the electron transport material (ETM). However, PC61BM film has various disadvantages, such as its low coverage or the many pinholes that appear due to its aggregation behavior. These faults may lead to undesirable direct contact between the metal cathode and perovskite film, which could result in charge recombination at the perovskite/metal interface. In order to overcome this problem, three alternative non-fullerene electron materials were applied to inverted PSCs; they were evaluated on suitability as electron transport layers. The roles and effects of these non-fullerene ETMs on device performance were studied using photoluminescence (PL) measurements, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), internal resistance in PSC measurements, and conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM). It was found that one of the tested materials, IT-4f, showed excellent electron extraction ability and was associated with reduced recombination. The PSC with IT-4f as the ETM produced better cell-performance; it had an average PCE of 11.21%, which makes it better than the ITIC and COi8DFIC-based devices. Finally, IT-4f was compared with PC61BM; it was found that the two materials have quite comparable efficiency and stability levels.
ISSN:2079-4991
2079-4991
DOI:10.3390/nano10061082