Genetic variation in native and farmed populations of Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) in the Brazilian Amazon: regional discrepancies in farming systems

The tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, is the most popular fish species used for aquaculture in Brazil but there is no study comparing genetic variation among native and farmed populations of this species. In the present study, we analyzed DNA sequences of the mitochondrial DNA to evaluate the genetic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 2013, Vol.85 (4), p.1439-1447
Main Authors: Aguiar, Jonas, Schneider, Horacio, Gomes, Fátima, Carneiro, Jeferson, Santos, Simôni, Rodrigues, Luis R, Sampaio, Iracilda
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Aquaculture - methods
Aquicultura
Brazil
Characiformes - classification
Characiformes - genetics
DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics
Genetic Variation - genetics
Genotype
Haplotypes
mtDNA
MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Sequence Analysis, DNA - veterinary
Tambaqui
variabilidade genetica
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Summary:The tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, is the most popular fish species used for aquaculture in Brazil but there is no study comparing genetic variation among native and farmed populations of this species. In the present study, we analyzed DNA sequences of the mitochondrial DNA to evaluate the genetic diversity among two wild populations, a fry-producing breeding stock, and a sample of fish farm stocks, all from the region of Santarém, in the west of the Brazilian state of Pará. Similar levels of genetic diversity were found in all the samples and surprisingly the breeding stock showed expressive representation of the genetic diversity registered on wild populations. These results contrast considerably with those of the previous study of farmed stocks in the states of Amapá, Pará, Piauí, and Rondônia, which recorded only two haplotypes, indicating a long history of endogamy in the breeding stocks used to produce fry. The results of the two studies show two distinct scenarios of tambaqui farming in the Amazon basin, which must be better evaluated in order to guarantee the successful expansion of this activity in the region, and the rest of Brazil, given that the tambaqui and its hybrids are now farmed throughout the country.
ISSN:0001-3765
1678-2690
1678-2690
0001-3765
DOI:10.1590/0001-376520130007