Proteomic Profiling of Plasma- and Gut-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Obesity

Obesity entails metabolic alterations across multiple organs, highlighting the role of inter-organ communication in its pathogenesis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are communication agents in physiological and pathological conditions, and although they have been associated with obesity comorbidities,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2024-03, Vol.16 (5), p.736
Main Authors: Baptista Pereira, Pedro, Torrejón, Estefania, Ferreira, Inês, Carvalho, Ana Sofia, Teshima, Akiko, Sousa-Lima, Inês, Beck, Hans Christian, Costa-Silva, Bruno, Matthiesen, Rune, Macedo, Maria Paula, de Oliveira, Rita Machado
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Body fat
Carbohydrates
Development and progression
Diabetes
Diet
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Expenditures
Extracellular vesicles
Extracellular Vesicles - metabolism
Gastrointestinal surgery
Genetic transcription
Glucose
Homeostasis
Humans
Insulin resistance
Liver
Metabolism
Mice
MicroRNAs
Obesity
Obesity - metabolism
Physiological aspects
Plasma
post-translational modifications
prediabetes
Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Proteins
Proteome - metabolism
Proteomics
Sucrose
Type 2 diabetes
Weight control
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Summary:Obesity entails metabolic alterations across multiple organs, highlighting the role of inter-organ communication in its pathogenesis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are communication agents in physiological and pathological conditions, and although they have been associated with obesity comorbidities, their protein cargo in this context remains largely unknown. To decipher the messages encapsulated in EVs, we isolated plasma-derived EVs from a diet-induced obese murine model. Obese plasma EVs exhibited a decline in protein diversity while control EVs revealed significant enrichment in protein-folding functions, highlighting the importance of proper folding in maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Previously, we revealed that gut-derived EVs' proteome holds particular significance in obesity. Here, we compared plasma and gut EVs and identified four proteins exclusively present in the control state of both EVs, revealing the potential for a non-invasive assessment of gut health by analyzing blood-derived EVs. Given the relevance of post-translational modifications (PTMs), we observed a shift in chromatin-related proteins from glycation to acetylation in obese gut EVs, suggesting a regulatory mechanism targeting DNA transcription during obesity. This study provides valuable insights into novel roles of EVs and protein PTMs in the intricate mechanisms underlying obesity, shedding light on potential biomarkers and pathways for future research.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu16050736