Antidotal and protective effects of mangosteen ( Garcinia mangostana ) against natural and chemical toxicities: A review

Chemical and natural toxic compounds can harm human health through a variety of mechanisms. Nowadays, herbal therapy is widely accepted as a safe method of treating toxicity. (mangosteen) is a tree in the Clusiaceae family, and isoprenylated xanthones, its main constituents, are a class of secondary...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Iranian journal of basic medical sciences 2023-01, Vol.26 (5), p.492-503
Main Authors: Mohammadi Zonouz, Aidin, Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar, Mahboobeh, Hosseinzadeh, Hossein
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
analgesics
anti-inflammatory agents anti-oxidants
Apoptosis
Cytokines
Hypoglycemia
hypoglycemic agents
Kinases
neuroprotective agents
Nitric oxide
phytotherapy
Review
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
xanthones
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Summary:Chemical and natural toxic compounds can harm human health through a variety of mechanisms. Nowadays, herbal therapy is widely accepted as a safe method of treating toxicity. (mangosteen) is a tree in the Clusiaceae family, and isoprenylated xanthones, its main constituents, are a class of secondary metabolites having a variety of biological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative, antinociceptive, neuroprotective, hypoglycemic, and anti-obesity. In this review, the protective activities of mangosteen and its major components against natural and chemical toxicities in both and experiments were evaluated. The protective effects of mangosteen and its components are mediated primarily through oxidative stress inhibition, a decrease in the number of inflammatory cells such as lymphocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils, reduction of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin (PG) E2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and nuclear factor-ĸB (NF-ĸB), modulation of apoptosis and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, reducing p65 entrance into the nucleus, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), improving histological conditions, and inhibition in acetylcholinesterase activity.
ISSN:2008-3866
2008-3874
DOI:10.22038/IJBMS.2023.66900.14674