Progress in Delivery of siRNA-Based Therapeutics Employing Nano-Vehicles for Treatment of Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer (PCa) accounts for a high number of deaths in males with no available curative treatments. Patients with PCa are commonly diagnosed in advanced stages due to the lack of symptoms in the early stages. Recently, the research focus was directed toward gene editing in cancer therapy. Sma...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bioengineering (Basel) 2020-08, Vol.7 (3), p.91
Main Authors: Ashrafizadeh, Milad, Hushmandi, Kiavash, Rahmani Moghadam, Ebrahim, Zarrin, Vahideh, Hosseinzadeh Kashani, Sharareh, Bokaie, Saied, Najafi, Masoud, Tavakol, Shima, Mohammadinejad, Reza, Nabavi, Noushin, Hsieh, Chia-Ling, Zarepour, Atefeh, Zare, Ehsan Nazarzadeh, Zarrabi, Ali, Makvandi, Pooyan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Androgens
Anticancer properties
Antitumor agents
Apoptosis
Bioengineering
Cancer therapies
cancer therapy
Cell migration
Cell proliferation
Chemotherapy
delivery systems
Drug delivery systems
Endocrine therapy
Gene expression
Gene silencing
gene therapy
Genetic modification
Kinases
Medical prognosis
Metastasis
nanoparticle
Nanoparticles
Prostate cancer
Radiation therapy
Review
siRNA
small interfering RNA (siRNA)
Therapy
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Summary:Prostate cancer (PCa) accounts for a high number of deaths in males with no available curative treatments. Patients with PCa are commonly diagnosed in advanced stages due to the lack of symptoms in the early stages. Recently, the research focus was directed toward gene editing in cancer therapy. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) intervention is considered as a powerful tool for gene silencing (knockdown), enabling the suppression of oncogene factors in cancer. This strategy is applied to the treatment of various cancers including PCa. The siRNA can inhibit proliferation and invasion of PCa cells and is able to promote the anti-tumor activity of chemotherapeutic agents. However, the off-target effects of siRNA therapy remarkably reduce its efficacy in PCa therapy. To date, various carriers were designed to improve the delivery of siRNA and, among them, nanoparticles are of importance. Nanoparticles enable the targeted delivery of siRNAs and enhance their potential in the downregulation of target genes of interest. Additionally, nanoparticles can provide a platform for the co-delivery of siRNAs and anti-tumor drugs, resulting in decreased growth and migration of PCa cells. The efficacy, specificity, and delivery of siRNAs are comprehensively discussed in this review to direct further studies toward using siRNAs and their nanoscale-delivery systems in PCa therapy and perhaps other cancer types.
ISSN:2306-5354
2306-5354
DOI:10.3390/bioengineering7030091