Insights on Cryogenic Distillation Technology for Simultaneous CO2 and H2S Removal for Sour Gas Fields

Natural gas demand has dramatically increased due to the emerging growth of the world economy and industry. Presently, CO2 and H2S content in gas fields accounts for up to 90% and 15%, respectively. Apart from fulfilling the market demand, CO2 and H2S removal from natural gas is critical due to thei...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-02, Vol.27 (4), p.1424
Main Authors: Tengku Hassan, Tengku Nur Adibah, Shariff, Azmi Mohd, Mohd Pauzi, Mohd Mu’izzuddin, Khidzir, Mai Syadiah, Surmi, Amiza
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorption
Calorific value
Carbon dioxide
Commercialization
conventional cryogenic technology
Distillation
Fossil fuels
Gas separation
Gas streams
Gases
Global economy
Greenhouse effect
Greenhouse gases
H2S removal
high CO2 separation
Hydrogen sulfide
Membrane separation
Natural gas
Nitrogen
Oil and gas fields
Potassium
Review
Solvents
Sour gas
Technology
unconventional cryogenic technology
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Summary:Natural gas demand has dramatically increased due to the emerging growth of the world economy and industry. Presently, CO2 and H2S content in gas fields accounts for up to 90% and 15%, respectively. Apart from fulfilling the market demand, CO2 and H2S removal from natural gas is critical due to their corrosive natures, the low heating value of natural gas and the greenhouse gas effect. To date, several gas fields have remained unexplored due to limited technologies to monetize the highly sour natural gas. A variety of conventional technologies have been implemented to purify natural gas such as absorption, adsorption and membrane and cryogenic separation. The application of these technologies in natural gas upgrading are also presented. Among these commercial technologies, cryogenic technology has advanced rapidly in gas separation and proven ideally suitable for bulk CO2 removal due to its independence from absorbents or adsorbents, which require a larger footprint, weight and energy. Present work comprehensively reviews the mechanisms and potential of the advanced nonconventional cryogenic separation technologies for processing of natural gas streams with high CO2 and H2S content. Moreover, the prospects of emerging cryogenic technologies for future commercialization exploitation are highlighted.
ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules27041424